Prions “small proteinaceous infectious agents without a nucleic acid genome……produce spongiform encephalopathies”

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Chapter 23: Communicable Diseases

Advertisements

Preventing Communicable Diseases

 Classification of animal viruses › Taxonomic criteria based on  Genomic structure  DNA or RNA  Single-stranded or double-stranded  Virus particle.

Viruses: Bacterial and Animal Types

Pathogen A disease-causing organism Harmful –Hurt host cells Physically or through a toxin (poison) Bacterial diseases –Strep throat, Pneumonia, Lyme’s.

What living things do you see in this picture?.

Pathogenesis CHapter32 Prepared by : Riham Alakhras.

Lecture #1-2 Introduction to Microbial Pathogens.

What are the 5 pathogens we’ve discussed in class?

© 2007 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Chapter Twelve Preventing Infectious Diseases.

Virus. What is a Virus? Non living disease causing agent All viruses enter living cells and use the host cell to replicate Composed of: –Genetic Material.

IMMUNE SYSTEM Biology 2201.

1 Viruses, Viroids, and Prions. 2 Are Viruses Living or Non-living? Viruses are both and neither They have some properties of life but not others For.

Infection Control for Medical Asepsis

VIRUSES Chapter 24 Video.

Viruses “an intracellular, infectious parasite capable of living and replicating only in living cells”

Infection Control in the School Setting

18.3 Viral Diseases KEY CONCEPT Some viral diseases can be prevented with vaccines.

What do the following have in common?.

Influenza of 1918 Danielle Albin Dane van Loon Matthew Litch.

Viruses. Virus Introduction A virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent only capable of reproducing within a host cell. Virus is Latin for toxin or.

Lesson 3 Viruses. Virus Tiny “organism” that is parasitic to cells Composed of two main parts: Protein outer shell called capsid Genetic material inside.

KEY CONCEPT Some viral diseases can be prevented with vaccines.

Common Infectious Diseases. Objectives Common Cold Influenza Mononucleosis Tetanus Lyme Disease West Nile Virus Measles Mumps Rubella Chicken Pox E. Coli.

HIV Influenza West Nile THE. What is a Virus? Virus ~ Infectious agent made up of a core of nucleic acid and a protein coat. Virus = Poison Not a living.

Viruses “They Are Not Alive!”.

Viruses What is a virus? Terminology Characteristics of a virus How are viruses structured? Structures and Shapes Retroviruses.

Human viral disease. Who gets them? Mammals and birds amphibians, reptiles and fish plants and fungi insects even bacteria are infected by viruses.

Lytic Infections by viruses Lysogenic infections by viruses Treating viral infections Viral Epidemics Human Viral Diseases.

Examples of Viruses. Influenza Seasonal Influenza: Flu Basics Influenza (the flu) is contagious respiratory disorder. It can cause mild to severe illness,

Bloodborne Pathogens. The purpose of this standard is to eliminate or minimize occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens in accordance with OSHA standard.

Viruses “an intracellular, infectious parasite capable of living and replicating only in living cells”

Viruses Viruses are very small Anatomy of a Virus.

Viruses Intro to Viruses Movie I.General info: A. Viruses are pathogens (cause disease) that affect organisms in all 6 kingdoms B. Don’t belong to any.

Unit 6 – Organismal Biology Part 1: Bacteria and Viruses

Viruses Ebola Influenza Rabies HIV West Nile Virus.

Nonliving infectious agent that can cause disease. *Not in a kingdom

Viral Diseases.

What do the following have in common?.

BRAINSTORM. TRUE or FALSE 1. Viruses may contain DNA RNA Glycoprotein Enzymes Cell wall.

Mycoplasma Readings question #1: Where do the Mycoplasma pneumonia colonies adhere? How do they spread? What diseases are caused by this bacterium? (3.

Mycoplasma Readings question #1: Where do the Mycoplasma pneumonia colonies adhere? How do they spread? What diseases are caused by this bacterium? (3.

What do the following have in common?.

Viruses Ebola Influenza Rabies HIV West Nile Virus.

Chapter 18.2 – Viruses & Prions I.What is a Virus? A.a nonliving strand of genetic material within a protein coat 1.It doesn’t fit the criteria for life.

Viruses Nonliving Pathogens. Viruses Pathogen (infectious agent) – any living organisms or particle that can cause infectious disease Can be living or.

Which vaccinations have you had?!

VIROLOGY The Study of Viruses. Virology 1.Definition: A submicroscopic acellular pathogen composed only of protein and one type of nucleic acid.

Chapter 27 Viruses The Nature of Viruses Viruses possess only a portion of the properties of organisms. Parasitic chemicals (segments of DNA of.

Fahareen-Binta-Mosharraf MNS. Disease-causing viruses often grouped by their route of transmission Enteric viruses Generally transmitted via fecal-oral.

Mumps and Mumps Vaccine

HIV Influenza West Nile THE. What is a Virus? Virus ~ Infectious agent made up of a core of nucleic acid and a protein coat. Virus = Poison Not a living.

Blood borne Pathogens Any organism (bacteria, virus, etc..) that can cause disease is a pathogen. Blood-borne pathogens are those found in blood itself.

Viral Diseases Microbiology.

Viruses 5/26/2018.

Virus DHO chapter 14.

VIRUSES B 4.C Compare the structures of viruses to cells, describe viral reproduction, and describe the role of diseases such as human immunodeficiency.

KEY CONCEPT Infections can be caused in several ways.

History of Vaccines Variolation: inoculation of smallpox into skin (eighteenth century) Vaccination: Inoculation of cowpox virus into skin (Jenner) Inoculation.

KEY CONCEPT Some viral diseases can be prevented with vaccines.

Viruses & Bacteria 1.

KEY CONCEPT Some viral diseases can be prevented with vaccines.

ASPEK VIRUS RUBELLA.

Ch. 18 Viruses and Bacteria

Infection Control for Medical Asepsis

KEY CONCEPT Some viral diseases can be prevented with vaccines.

KEY CONCEPT Some viral diseases can be prevented with vaccines.

KEY CONCEPT Some viral diseases can be prevented with vaccines.

Presentation transcript:

Prions “small proteinaceous infectious agents without a nucleic acid genome……produce spongiform encephalopathies”

Pathogenicity abnormally folded proteins that cause the proteins to clump diseases have a long incubation time CNS damage is insidious no fever and inflammation

Readings Question #1 Why are prions of a particular concern to embalmers?

Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease transfers/removals embalming non-posted Remains embalming posted remains decontamination

NJ Dept. of Health/NJSFDA Embalming Non-posted Remains Protective attire Positioning Topical disinfection Washing and positioning Injection site selection Injection chemicals No cavity aspiration Aspiration alternative

Embalming Non-posted(cont’d) other precautions: purge medical devices washing instruments surfaces disposables

Embalming Posted Remains viscera preservative powder completion viscera bag cranial cavity calvarium

Decontamination sodium hypochlorite incineration detergent solution of 1:10 sodium hypochlorite/water

Viruses Readings question #2: How do viruses replicate? Readings question #3: How can some viruses become inactivated? Why? Give 1 example.

Dermatropic (Skin) Diseases Smallpox: vaccination ended in the 1970s Monkeypox: Measles: Readings question #4: What is the virus responsible for measles? What is the only reservoir for this virus? MMR vaccine (measles, mumps, rubella)

Dermatropic Diseases (cont’d) German Measles: Readings question #5: what is the virus that is responsible for this disease? How is it spread? Chickenpox and Shingles: – Shingles rarely occurs in people under the age of 20

Reye’s Syndrome severe complication of chickenpox, influenze and some other viral diseases persistent vomiting signs of brain dysfunction coma and death survivors: neurological damage children and teenagers aspirin

Dermatropic Diseases (cont’d) Herpes Simplex 1 and 2: Readings question #6: What is caused by the Herpes Simplex 1 virus and how is it transmitted? What is caused by the Herpes Simplex 2 virus and how is it transmitted?

Pneumotropic (URT) Diseases Influenza: strains are “antigenic shifts” - vaccines are usually “multivalent” - pandemic new drugs: zanamivir (Relenza) oseltamivir phosphate (Tamiflu)

Pneumotropic Diseases (cont’d) Common Cold: Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS): Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS):

Neurotropic (CNS) Diseases Rabies: Readings question #7: Why is the immune system unable to suppress the infection caused by the rhabdovirus when it reaches the central nervous system? - not found in squirrels, rabbits, rats, or mice

Neurotropic Diseases (cont’d) Poliomyelitis: Readings question #8: Describe the path of the poliovirus once it is ingested. Viral Encephalitis: West Nile Virus: 1999 New York City

Viscerotropic (Visceral) Diseases Hepatitis:Hepatitis A (HAV) Hepatitis B (HBV) Readings question #9: According to OSHA’s Blood-borne Pathogen Rule, what are the rights of funeral home employees regarding the HBV vaccine? Hepatitis C (HCV): “silent epidemic”

Viscerotropic Disease (cont’d) Infectious Mononucleosis: Cytomegalovirus: “inclusion bodies” Epidemic Parotitis (Mumps)

Immunological Disease HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) Readings question #10: What is the major threat to embalmers when embalming AIDS victims? What can the embalmer do to protect him/herself?