Odd one out...

What is independent assortment of chromosomes? Fertilisation What is independent assortment of chromosomes? Define the term random fertilisation Describe how sexual reproduction leads to variation. Explain why different offspring from the same parents look different.   Lesson Learning Outcomes: Increasing Difficulty 2

Harry Potter and the Recessive Allele How Are Wizards Made?

How Are Wizards Made? Being a wizard or a muggle is all decided by genetics All humans including wizards receive one allele from each parent

How Are Wizards Made? The allele for wizarding ability is m Wizards have the alleles mm

How Are Wizards Made? The allele for muggleness is M Muggles have the alleles Mm or MM M is dominant to m so you can only be a wizard if you have no M allele

The Malfoys Narcissa Malfoy (mm) Lucius Malfoy (mm) Draco Malfoy ( ) m ( ) m m What alleles will Draco have inherited? The Malfoys are a ‘pure blood’ family All their ancestors are wizards so they must have the alleles mm

The Potters James Potter (mm) Lily Potter (mm) Harry Potter (WW) m m Both Harry’s parents had magical ability so they must both have been mm They passed these alleles on to Harry

The Weasleys are pure blood wizards so they all have the alleles mm

mm Mm Mm Hermione is a powerful witch so she must be mm. Both her parents are muggles, so how can this be? Mum Dad Mm Mm mm Hermiones parents are muggles because they both have the dominant muggle allele (M), but they also both have the recessive wizard allele (m) which is the one that has been passed on to Hermione in this case

Mm mm mm Tom Riddle is a ‘half blood’. His mother was a witch (mm) and his father was a muggle What alleles must his father have had? Dad Mum Mm mm mm

Filch is a ‘squib’ Both his parents are mm so he should be too because he can’t get an M allele from either parent but he can’t do any magic This means he has a mutation so his wizarding powers don’t work or the man he thinks is his father isn’t really and his mother had an affair with a muggle!

What wizarding alleles would Ron and Hermione’s children have? Ron (mm) Hermione (mm) Children ( ) m m

Their children could only get the m allele from both parents so they would all be wizards Ron m Hermione m m m m m m m m

What wizarding alleles would Ginny and Dudley’s children have? If Dudley is Mm Dudley Mm Ginny mm Children WW or mM m M m m

Half of their children would be likely to get the m allele from both parents so they would be wizards The other half would be likely to get an M allele from Dudley and would be muggles Dudley m M Ginny m m m M m m m M

What wizarding alleles would Ginny and Dudley’s children have? If Dudley is MM Dudley MM Ginny mm Children WM m M

Their children would get the m allele from Ginny and the M allele from Dudley so they would all be muggles Dudley M Ginny m WM m M m M m M m M

What wizarding alleles would you expect Hermione’s brothers and sisters to have?

Mr Granger m M Mrs Granger WW WM MM m m m M m M M M The Granger’s children have a 1 in 4 chance of getting m alleles from both parents (mm) and having magical ability Mr Granger m M Mrs Granger WW WM MM They also have a 3 in 4 chance of getting at least one M allele (Mm or MM) and being a muggle They also have a 2 in 4 (50%) chance of being a ‘carrier’ of the recessive wizard allele (Mm) even though they themselves are muggles m m m M m M M M

Reebops Reebops are small worm like creatures that live in classrooms all over the world 21

Reebops They are little worm-like creatures that have three segments on their bodies and six legs. Instead of having 23 pairs of chromosomes like humans they have 8 pairs of chromosomes. You are going to create your own reebops.

Reebops Mammy Reebop Daddy Reebop In your pair one person is the mammy reebop (pink chromosomes) and one person is the daddy reebop (blue chromosomes)

Reebops The features of reebops are controlled by a number of different alleles In your pair you have each been given a set of reebop chromosomes (the pink ones are for the mother and the blue are for the father) Put both sets of chromosomes letter side face down on the table.

Sex Cells Start by making ova: Take it in turns to pick one chromosome from each pair of the pink chromosomes You have each produced an ovum Then repeat with the blue pairs to produce sperm

Reebops Now each person should have an ovum and a sperm Mix the chromosomes up to represent fertilisation Turn the chromosomes over Use the chromosomes as instructions to make your own reebop. When you are done take a picture of it using your phone or your friends if you haven’t got one and email it to me: Louise.maughan@ntlp.org.uk

they all look different? Musical TOUR Take a tour of the reebops around the room, make a list of similarities and differences to your reebop Can you explain why they all look different?

Genetic Cross snowballing Write a problem for someone else (they must have to solve it using a genetic cross diagram). Don’t forget to say which characteristic is dominant and which one is recessive