Aerobic Cellular Respiration Packet #13 Chapter #4

Introduction The goal of aerobic cellular respiration is to produce energy, in the form of ATP, by breaking the foods that one eats with the use of oxygen. ATP  Adenosine Tri- phosphate Aerobic cellular respiration has three major steps Glycolysis The Kreb’s Cycle Oxidative Phosphorylation(Electron Transport Chain)

Introduction II During the processes of cellular respiration, ATP is produced via two methods Substrate Level Phosphorylation Oxidative Phosphorylation

Substrate Level Phosphorylation The removal of phosphate, from a substrate, and adding it to ADP. ADP + P  ATP Requires the use of an enzyme. Occurs during glycolysis and the Kreb’s Cycle

Oxidative Phosphorylation Occurs at the electron transport chain. Requires the use of oxygen. Molecules known as NADH (nicotinamide adenine dinulceotide), or FADH (flavin adenine dinucleotide) are oxidized. NADH and FADH donate electrons to the ETC and are eventually used to produce H2O from the oxygen that breathed in by the organism.

Oxidative Phosphorylation II After those events have occured, ATP is produced via an underlying process known as chemiosmosis. Chemiosmosis occurs during oxidative phosphorylation. 1 NADH  3 ATP’s 1 FADH  2 ATP’s

The Processes of Aerobic Cellular Respiration

Glycolysis Glycolysis is a ten step process, occurring in the cytosol of the cell, that splits glucose in two molecules (pyruvate) while producing limited amounts of ATP (substrate level phosphorylation) and NADH. Glyco – sugar Lysis – split apart

The Kreb’s Cycle The Kreb’s Cycle, occurring in the mitochondria matrix, is an eight step process that produces limited amounts of ATP (via substrate level phosphorylation), FADH and NADH.

Oxidative Phosphorylation The electron transport chain is found along the inner membrane of the mitochondria and IS the location for oxidative phosphorylation. Electrons are removed from the previously produced NADH and FADH. The electrons, move along the chain causing hydrogen ions to move. The hydrogen ions, that moved, drives ATP synthase to produce ATP (chemiosmosis). 1 NADH  3 ATP’s 1 FADH  2 ATP’s Electrons removed from NADH & FADH Electrons move along ETC Hydrogen ions move Hydrogen ions activate ATP synthase ATP produced

Final Overview As a result of aerobic cellular respiration a total of 36 – 38 ATP’s per glucose molecule. 4 ATP’s via substrate level phosphorylation

Review

Review Aerobic Cellular Respiration Glycolysis Location Cytosol of Cell Input Glucose Output Pyruvate ATP Substrate Level Phosphorylation NADH Kreb’s Cycle Mitochondria Matrix 2 FADH Oxidative Phosphorylation Inner Mitochondria Membrane Includes Chemiosmosis Large Amounts of ATP from NADH and FADH Cell Respiration with the use of O2