The engineering needed for particle physics by Steve Myers Philosophical Transactions A Volume 370(1973):3887-3923 August 28, 2012 ©2012 by The Royal Society.

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Presentation transcript:

The engineering needed for particle physics by Steve Myers Philosophical Transactions A Volume 370(1973): August 28, 2012 ©2012 by The Royal Society

The history of accelerators. Steve Myers Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2012;370: ©2012 by The Royal Society

Schematic layout of CERN's accelerator complex. Steve Myers Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2012;370: ©2012 by The Royal Society

LHC beam pipe with vacuum pumping slots. Steve Myers Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2012;370: ©2012 by The Royal Society

Acceleration principle and some cavities. Steve Myers Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2012;370: ©2012 by The Royal Society

Particle motion in a bending field and cross section of an LHC dipole. Steve Myers Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2012;370: ©2012 by The Royal Society

Quadrupolar field and cross section of an LHC quadrupole. Steve Myers Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2012;370: ©2012 by The Royal Society

Exploded diagrams of the (a) ATLAS and (b) CMS detectors. Steve Myers Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2012;370: ©2012 by The Royal Society

The inclination of the LHC tunnel. Steve Myers Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2012;370: ©2012 by The Royal Society

Civil engineering implementation of the LEP/LHC tunnel, showing (a) underground works and (b) surface buildings of LHC project. Steve Myers Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2012;370: ©2012 by The Royal Society

CMS Cavern (courtesy of J. Osborne). Steve Myers Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2012;370: ©2012 by The Royal Society

Evolution of CERN installed cryogenic power (courtesy of L. Tavian). Steve Myers Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2012;370: ©2012 by The Royal Society

Cryogenics footprint and schematic of plants. Steve Myers Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2012;370: ©2012 by The Royal Society

Large cryogenic helium refrigerators (33 kW at 50–75 K, 23 kW at 4.6–20 K; 41 g s−1 liquefaction) (courtesy of L. Tavian). Steve Myers Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2012;370: ©2012 by The Royal Society

Plots of phase space structure near fifth order (a) without and (b) with a nonlinear element (courtesy of W. Herr and E. Forest). Steve Myers Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2012;370: ©2012 by The Royal Society

Photographs of conventional magnets in many accelerator projects (courtesy of D. Tommasini). Steve Myers Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2012;370: ©2012 by The Royal Society

(a) Dipole magnet artist's impression and (b) LHC dipole standard cross section. Steve Myers Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2012;370: ©2012 by The Royal Society

Coil distribution and field lines. Steve Myers Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2012;370: ©2012 by The Royal Society

The superconducting cable for the LHC magnets; a total of 7000 km of cable was used (courtesy of L. Rossi). Steve Myers Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2012;370: ©2012 by The Royal Society

Six-pulse thyristor rectifier (courtesy of F. Bordry and J.-P. Steve Myers Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2012;370: ©2012 by The Royal Society

Switch-mode power converter with high-frequency transformer (courtesy of F. Bordry and J.-P. Steve Myers Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2012;370: ©2012 by The Royal Society

Switch-mode power converter with 50 Hz transformer (courtesy of F. Bordry and J.-P. Burnet). Steve Myers Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2012;370: ©2012 by The Royal Society

SPS powering system: (a) 200 MHz tetrode amplifiers and (b) 800 MHz klystrons. Steve Myers Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2012;370: ©2012 by The Royal Society

(a) Radio-frequency quadrupole (RFQ) and (b) drift-tube linac (DTL). Steve Myers Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2012;370: ©2012 by The Royal Society

Photograph of one of the travelling wave cavities of the SPS. (Online version in colour.). Steve Myers Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2012;370: ©2012 by The Royal Society

LHC point 4: (a) 400 MHz SC cavities and (b) LHC RF power plant in the underground cavern. Steve Myers Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2012;370: ©2012 by The Royal Society

(a) Schematic of the transverse damping system and (b) photograph of damper kickers in tunnel. Steve Myers Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2012;370: ©2012 by The Royal Society

(a) The stored energy and (b) the density of stored energy versus the beam momentum for various accelerators. Steve Myers Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 2012;370: ©2012 by The Royal Society