Kelsey Doerksen Scott Dutrisac Jacob Heapy Ronald Milner

BACKGROUND TECHNOLOGICAL IMPLEMENTATION SOLUTION STAGES (1-4) ECONOMY

“What’s past is prologue.” - William Shakespeare, The Tempest

BACKGROUND Where is the water? Figure 1:Sign over Kern River, which runs through Bakersfield California. [1] Why isn’t it in Bakersfield, Califoria?

BACKGROUND Twenty years ago, water rights in this region were given to a private corporation, now the largest agri-business in the United States. [2]

BACKGROUND ROLL GLOBAL produces over $1.49 Billion in Almonds ever year [3], 70% of which are exported internationally [4]. Figure 2: Roll Global Almond Farm, Bakersfield California. [5]

BACKGROUND Figure 2: Roll Global Almond Farm, Bakersfield California. [5] Almond production in the state of California require 1.1 Trillion gallons of water per year. [4]

BACKGROUND As of June, 2015, Bakersfield is experiencing a shortfall of 5.1 Billion gallons per year. [6] Figure 3: Roll Global Almond Farm, Bakersfield California. [7]

“Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic.” -Arthur C. Clarke

TECHNOLOGICAL IMPLEMENTATION A smart metering program will reduce consumer water usage and help economic growth. [9] Figure 4: A smart meter network system, from Sensus. [8] Encourages conservation through alternative pricing Benefits both Utility and Consumer Superior water management

TECHNOLOGICAL IMPLEMENTATION Waste water treatment and grey water divergence can be increased and mandated. Figure 5: Waste Water Treatment Plant (WWTP) 3, Bakersfield, CA. [10] WWTP 2 at 13.9 MGD, increase up to 25 MGD WWTP 3 at 17.6 MGD, increase up to 32 MGD

IMMEDIATE ACTION

Address the “Rationing Stages” as defined in the Bakersfield Urban Water Management Plan. [11] Appropriate 1% of annual water usage in the Kern Water Bank from Roll Global. Develop a plan to acquire waste water from other centers for treatment and use in Groundwater Replenishment. Develop and execute an education plan, focusing on smart meter technology and peak usage rates.

WITHIN 1 YEAR

Put a 1% tariff in place for produce exported internationally from Kern County. This will generate $13 Million per year. Begin implementation of smart metering in homes and businesses, including peak usage rates. Raise property tax by 1% in Bakersfield to fund Education Program and offer water meter incentives. Mandate that all new public buildings must have grey water diversion capabilities, beginning in year 3.

WITHIN 3 YEARS

All new public buildings must incorporate grey water diversion. All existing public buildings must develop plans to be grey water compliant by year 10. All private businesses must begin implementation of smart metering.

WITHIN 10 YEARS

All public buildings contribute to grey water treatment, improving groundwater replenishment. All private residences, public buildings, and private businesses have smart meter technology in use.

“There can be economy only where there is efficiency.” - Benjamin Disraeli

ECONOMY EXPENDATUREAMOUNT (USD)NOTES Education Program$700,000 Distributed over TV, Internet, Print, Radio Smart Metering Program$51,000,000 Based on cost from Oklahoma Gas & Electric [9] REVENUEAMOUNT (USD)NOTES Tax increase$689,000 Amount per year, based on city budget [12] Tariff on produce$13,300,000Per year, 70% of Almond Revenue Through revenue generation, the residents of Bakersfield would have a full smart metering network within 4 years.

REFERENCES: [1] LA Times, 'California drought: House Republicans take aim at water rules', [Online]. Available: [Accessed: 18- Oct- 2015]. [3] Kedc.com, 'Value-Added Agriculture | Kern Economic Development Corporation', [Online]. Available: selection/target- industries/value-added-agriculture/. [Accessed: 18- Oct- 2015]. [4] BBC News, 'How almonds are sucking California dry - BBC News', [Online]. Available: [Accessed: 18- Oct- 2015]. [5] Wonderfulpistachiosandalmonds.com, 'Wonderful Brand', [Online]. Available: [Accessed: 18- Oct- 2015]. [6]C. Carlisle, 'Cal Water Plant in northeast may shut down due to drought', 23ABC News, [Online]. Available: news/cal-water-plant-in-northeast-may-shut-down-due-to-drought. [Accessed: 18- Oct- 2015].

REFERENCES: [7]L. Meyers, 'A tumbleweed blew along the sands of Bakersfield's Kern River, which | The California Drought Is Even Worse Than You Think | POPSUGAR Celebrity', POPSUGAR Celebrity, [Online]. Available: gallery/ /image/ /tumbleweed-blew-along- sands-Bakersfield-Kern-River-which. [Accessed: 18- Oct- 2015]. [8] Sensus.com, 'Advanced Metering Infrastructure for Water (AMI)', [Online]. Available: networks-water. [Accessed: 18- Oct- 2015]. [9]B. Veatch, 'Smart Infrastructure (AMI) in the Water Industry', Bv.com, [Online]. Available: water-technology-benefits-challenges-and-three-action-steps-for-utilities. [Accessed: 18- Oct- 2015]. [10] Bakersfieldcity.us, 'Public Works Wastewater Treatment Plant 3', [Online]. Available: [Accessed: 18- Oct- 2015]. [12]Bakersfield City Budget [Online]. Available: PAGE 21. [Accessed: 18- Oct- 2015].