The Original 13 Colonies Life and Work in the Colonies

New England Colonies – Maine – New Hampshire – Connecticut – Rhode Island – Massachusetts Plymouth Massachusetts Bay

Massachusetts Plymouth  Pilgrims  1620  Leader: William Bradford – Mayflower Compact First Document of Democracy in North America Massachusetts Bay (more prosperous than Pilgrims) 1630s – John Winthrop – Massachusetts School Law Harvard Joined together to become the colony of Massachusetts in 1691

Rhode Island and Connecticut Rhode Island  Roger Williams questioned Puritan leaders & was kicked out  Roger Williams bought land from Indians  Separation of Church and State Connecticut  Founded by Thomas Hooker (left Mass. Bay)  Fundamental Orders of Connecticut  First written constitution in the Colonies

Making Money in New England Rocky Soil, Lots of Trees Not much Farming – No need for slaves or indentured servants Depended on shipping and ship building – Good port = Boston – Lots of lumber for ships

The Middle Colonies Colonies  New York Formerly New Netherlands Founded by Dutch  New Jersey  Pennsylvania  Delaware

New York – Formerly New Netherlands (1621) – England took Dutch colony w/out a fight: Named after King Charles’ brother – the Duke of York (proprietary colony) – New Jersey given to two of the Duke’s friends – Great Port – NYC – will become the busiest port in the US

Pennsylvania Pennsylvania – Quaker Colony founded by William Penn (1680s) – Penn set up Philadelphia – the city of Brotherly Love – Good relationship with the Indians

Making Money in the Middle Colonies “bread basket” of the colonies Grew food – grains and veggies Large estates and family farms – Lots of jobs Slavery was prohibited in this section Philadelphia was a good port for trade

The Southern Colonies Colonies – Virginia – Maryland – Carolinas – Georgia Buffer between the Carolinas and Spanish owned Florida

Virginia Jamestown – First North American colony – Founded by a joint stock company (Virginia Co.) whose sole purpose was to make money for its investors. – John Smith = leader of colony – John Rolfe discovered strain of tobacco in Jamestown that could be sold to British – Slaves first arrived in 1619 but were not legally slaves until the 1660s … more like indentured servants. Virginia – House of Burgesses First colonial assembly Housed in Williamsburg

Maryland Set up by Lord Baltimore – Colony for Catholics Grew tobacco Protestants also moved in Maryland Act of Toleration – First law dealing with religious freedom in the colonies

Making Money in the Southern Colonies Plantation Agriculture – Cash Crops – Tobacco – Rice and Indigo Labor provided by indentured servants and then by slaves (1660s) Trade out of Jamestown, VA and Charleston, SC