Goal 7 The Progressive Era
7.01 Explain the conditions that led to the Progressive Era
Corruption and ineffectiveness of government
Industry and City Due to the problems caused by industrialization and urbanization many began to cry out for reform Reform = change Many believed that more democracy was the cure for problems facing America
Immigration and the Urban Poor Jacob Riis Urban Slums-poor living conditions in the working class areas of the cities led to the spread of disease and crime Lowest standard of living and the highest mortality rate
Working Conditions Triangle Shirtwaist factory-fire breaks out at sweatshop in NYC; many women working there perish because the doors are chained shut; leads to reform in the workplace (fire escapes, fire codes)
Muckrakers Writers that exposed problems and corruption in government and business Ida Tarbell-exposed Standard Oil Ida B. Wells-lynching Lincoln Steffens- “Shame of the Cities” Jacob Riis Upton Sinclair- “The Jungle”; meatpacking industry
Upton Sinclair The Jungle Meatpacking industry; unsafe and unhealthy Led to passage of Meat Inspection Act and Pure Food and Drug Act
Social Gospel Religious movement that advocated taking Jesus to the slums
7.02 Analyze how different groups of Americans made economic and political gains in the Progressive Period
Roles of Progressive Presidents
Teddy Roosevelt Trustbuster Conservationist Newlands Reclamation Act-set aside land for national parks President from Runs for president again in 1912 as a third party candidate (Bull Moose party)
William Taft Dollar Diplomacy Children’s Bureau Mann Elkins Act
Woodrow Wilson Federal Reserve Act-creates 12 district banks to control the nation’s money supply 4 amendments are added to the Constitution while he is president 16th - 19th
Political Reform Robert LaFollette- governor from Wisconsin; “Laboratory of Democracy” Called for direct election of senators, referendums, initiatives, and recall 16th-income tax 17th-direct election of senators 18th-prohibition of alcohol 19th-women’s suffrage
7.04 Examine the impact of technological changes on economic, social, and cultural life in the US
Industrial Innovations
Wright Brothers First successful airplane 1903 Kitty Hawk, NC
Movie Camera Allowed people to make their own motion pictures Films become a popular form of entertainment
Kodak Camera Photos become cheaper and brought them to the mass market
Electricity Thomas Edison-light bulb; phonograph Cities use power to run machinery, trains, lights Factories now run 24 hrs Consumers can power things at home (vacuum cleaner)
Skyscrapers Cities begin building up instead of out Steel Elevators Land had become expensive
Henry Ford Assembly Line- make cars more affordable $5 day-great wage at the time; allowed workers to buy the car as well as other goods Model T-first mass produced car
Mail Order Catalogs Sears & Roebuck Companies are able to bring consumer goods to people in remote areas Mass culture