Translation Catalyst: Where is DNA found? Where is RNA found?

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Presentation transcript:

Translation Catalyst: Where is DNA found? Where is RNA found? Why do we need RNA? Convert this strand of DNA into RNA. GACATTCAGAACAAG Write in complete sentences! Don’t talk during the Catalyst!

Objectives By the end of today, SWBAT… Describe how RNA is translated into protein.

Central Dogma DNA Transcription RNA Translation Protein

What the heck is going on in this picture?

RNA loves U Base Pairing Same rules EXCEPT THERE IS TO NO T. A pairs with U on RNA.

USE THE DNA CODE PROVIDED TO MAKE A COMPLEMENTARY DNA COPY A A G T T C G T T A G C T T C A A G C A A T C G

USE THE DNA CODE PROVIDED TO MAKE A COMPLEMENTARY DNA COPY C G T A A G T T C G T A G C A T T C A A G C A T

USE THE DNA CODE PROVIDED TO MAKE A COMPLEMENTARY RNA COPY U C G G A C A U C C G U A G C C T G T A G G C A

USE THE DNA CODE PROVIDED TO MAKE A COMPLEMENTARY RNA COPY A U A G A U U U A G G C A A T C C G T A T C T A

Homework: the Chart 1 2 ATGC AUGC deoxyribose ribose Store it/hold it DNA RNA # of strands Nitrogenous bases used Type of sugar in backbone What does it do to genetic information? Is it made of nucleotides? Found in nucleus? Cytoplasm? Complimentary strand to DNA of GATTACTACGA? Complimentary strand to DNA of TTTAGGGCCCAT 1 2 ATGC AUGC deoxyribose ribose Store it/hold it Carry it to ribosomes yes yes Nucleus only Nucleus and cytoplasm CTAATGATGCT CUAAUGAUGCU AAATCCCGGGTA AAAUCCCGGGUA

Translation Key Point #1: In translation, ribosomes read the information in RNA. Ribosomes read RNA three bases at a time. Each set of three is called a codon.

The mRNA code Key Point #2: Each codon is the instructions to make one amino acid. Amino acids are the building blocks for proteins. One protein = a bunch of amino acids.

Translation

Table of CODONS From your three letter codon, you can use this table to figure out what amino acid it is. Third Letter

Let’s Practice Codon: UAC What is the amino acid? Tyrosine!

STOP! After a protein is done being made, it needs to have a signal to stop adding on more amino acids. All mRNA chains will end in a STOP codon. This is the end of the protein.

Modeling Putting it all together Change this DNA sequence into mRNA CCATCGGGAACT GGUAGCCCUUGA Now split the mRNA into codons GGU-AGC-CCU-UGA Finally, make an amino acid sequence Glycine-Serine-Proline-Stop Look in my folder for this video

Look in your NOTES! What is translation? Skip if time is too long… just in case I got this. Codon bingo will take a while.

What the heck is going on in this picture?

What the heck is going on in this picture?

NOTES NOTES NOTES What is a codon?

How many nucleotides make up a codon?

What do all mRNA sequences end in?

What is an amino acid?

Make this DNA into a protein Change this DNA sequence into mRNA CACTGAGTGATC GUGACUCACUAG Now split the mRNA into codons GUG-ACU-CAC-UAG Finally, make an amino acid sequence Valine-Threonine-Histidine-Stop Look in my folder for this video

Codon Bingo Look at your codon tables and put the 20 amino acids in the spots. You will repeat . I am going to call out codons. If you get a horizontal, vertical, or diagonal row, you win!

OH MAN THERE WAS A ROBBERY But luckily they have some DNA evidence. Weirdly, they asked me to get my Biology class to solve it! Make sure you make a sketch of the suspect! That jerk!

What does the process of translation do? Exit Questions What does the process of translation do? Convert this strand of DNA to an amino acid sequence. AAACAAGCACCC Write in complete sentences! Don’t talk during the Exit Question!