DNA Technology

There are currently many types of Biotechnology that are being used across the world What does Biotechnology mean???

We will analyze 5 types:  Cloning  Recombinant DNA  Gel Electrophoresis  Genetic Engineering  Human Genome Project

Cloning  Cloning- is the process of using specialized DNA technology to produce multiple, exact copies of a single gene or other segment of DNA to obtain enough material for further study  In 1997, Dolly was cloned

Recombinant DNA  Recombinant DNA is DNA that has been created artificially.  DNA from two or more sources is incorporated into a single recombinant molecule. mechanism-of-recombination.html

 Recombinant DNA is the general name for taking a piece of one DNA, and combining it with another strand of DNA. Thus, the name recombinant!  Recombinant DNA is also sometimes referred to as "chimera.“  By combining two or more different strands of DNA, scientists are able to create a new strand of DNA.  The most common recombinant process involves combining the DNA of two different organisms.

Below are some of the areas where Recombinant DNA will have an impact:  Better Crops (drought & heat resistance)  Recombinant Vaccines (ie. Hepatitis B)  Prevention and cure of sickle cell anemia  Prevention and cure of cystic fibrosis  Production of clotting factors  Production of insulin  Production of recombinant pharmaceuticals  Plants that produce their own insecticides  Germ line and somatic gene therapy

Gel Electrophoresis  Gel electrophoresis is a procedure for separating a mixture of molecules (DNA) through a stationary material (gel) in an electrical field.

ah.edu/units/biotech/g el/ ah.edu/units/biotech/g el/

Genetic Engineering  Genetic engineering is a laboratory technique used by scientists to change the DNA of living organisms.  GE uses Recombinant DNA technology to get a desired product  Ex: golden rice

Human Genome Project  Completed in 2003  identified all the approximately 20, ,000 genes in human DNA