Ch. 13 RECOMBINANT DNA TECHNOLOGY AND GENETIC ENGINEERING.

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Ch. 13 RECOMBINANT DNA TECHNOLOGY AND GENETIC ENGINEERING

Recombinant DNA A DNA molecule carrying a new combination of genes. Human DNA is put into bacteria then it reproduces. Used for production of human insulin for diabetics and other medications.

Transgenic Organisms Transgenic means the organism has one or more genes from a different species inserted into their DNA. Transgenic plants-genes to make them grow faster and be resistant to disease Transgenic animals-genes added to have them make human proteins in their milk for disease treatment or for research

Gel Electrophoresis A method that sorts proteins and nucleic acids based on their electric charge. Restriction fragments- DNA pieces used for comparisons

DNA Fingerprints The pattern of DNA formed during gel electrophoresis. Used by law enforcement.

Human Genome Project Started 1990 Completed 2003

Human Genome Project Goal: To identify those genes that are responsible for particular traits, especially those associated with diseases. What they did: Mapped and sequenced DNA for all genetic traits.

Human Genome Supporters hope we can cure many genetic disorders. Opponents are afraid that the information could be used to allow parents to pick their children's genetic make up

Cloning Creating genetically identical individuals from a single cell from an adult organism. Process involves removing the nucleus from an egg cell and replacing it with the nucleus of an adult cell. The embryo divides and is implanted into a female animal for normal development

Cloning

The adult and the clone are genetically identical, same DNA but different ages. Support: It is hoped that we can clone animals to produce more food and possible medical advances. Oppositions: People fear that there will be an attempt to clone humans.