Welcome to MT140 Introduction to Management Unit 3 Seminar – Planning

Agenda General Questions and Announcements Evolution of Management Theory Unit 3 Introduction Levels of Planning Business Mission Strategic Vision Unit 3 Coursework Conclusion

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Evolution of Management Theory Classical Approach: emphasizes manager’s role in formal hierarchy of authority; focus on tasks, machines and systems to perform tasks efficiently Behavioral Approach: understanding people’s needs and attitudes within a formal organization; improved Management/Worker Relationship Systems Approach: organization is system of interrelated parts to be managed as a whole to achieve a common goal; total quality management; continuous improvement Contingency Approach: identify key variables in each situation; understand relationships among variables; understand causes and effects of managerial decisions

Unit 3 Objectives During this unit we will: 1.Identify the basic steps in any planning process. 2.Explain the relationship between strategic planning, tactical planning, and operational planning. 3.Interpret the elements of a basic SWOT analysis.

Key Concepts Planning is one of the four primary functions of management. Planning involves a systematic process of making decisions about goals and activities that will be carried out by individuals, groups, and the organization. Successful management depends on an accurate and thorough evaluation of the organization’s environment.

Levels of Planning Strategic Planning - Top level strategic managers - Detail level: low - Time horizon: 3-7 years Tactical Planning - Middle level tactical managers - Detail level: medium - Time horizon: 1-2 years Operational Planning - Frontline operational managers - Detail level: high - Time horizon: < 1 year

Strategic Planning Decisions about long-term goals and strategy -SWOT Analysis -Strengths and Weaknesses: determine internal resources and core competencies -Opportunities and Threats: analyze external environment Strategic Goals -Targets related to long-term survival, value and growth -Effectiveness: providing appropriate outputs -Efficiency: high ratio of outputs to inputs Strategy -Action and resource allocation designed to achieve goals

Strategic Planning Has your current or past organization communicated to employees long-term strategic goals (3-7 years)? If yes, what was the goal and how was this information communicated?

Tactical Planning Translates the broad strategic goals and plans into specific goals and plans Focus usually on a specific area of the firm such as department or division Involves middle level managers Medium level of detail Time span: 1-2 years

Operational Planning Identifies specific procedures and processes required at lower levels of organization Ensures success of the tactical goals and plans and in turn, success of the strategic goals and plans Involves frontline managers High level of detail Short time span: < 1 year

Levels of Planning Does your current or past organization elicit input from employees as part of the planning process? If yes, how is this accomplished? Is information gathered from other sources as well?

Group Decision Making Why can groups be effective decision makers? What can cause groups to be ineffective decision makers?

Group Decision Making Groups are effective when they have more information, consider greater number of perspectives, provide intellectual stimulation, help more people understand decision, generate commitment to decision Groups are ineffective when one member dominates discussion, settle for a solution that is less than optimal, pressure members to avoid disagreement, or displace original goals with less important ones

Business Mission Describes organization as it currently operates Clear and concise expression of the organization’s basic purpose -What the organization does -Who it does it for -Basic good or service -It’s Values

Kaplan University Business Mission Kaplan University is an institution of higher learning dedicated to providing innovative undergraduate, graduate, and continuing professional education. Our programs foster student learning with opportunities to launch, enhance, or change careers in a diverse global society. The University is committed to general education, a student-centered service and support approach, and applied scholarship in a practical environment.

Kaplan University Business Mission What is does: Kaplan University is an institution of higher learning Who it does it for: our programs foster student learning Good or Service: dedicated to providing innovative undergraduate, graduate, and continuing professional education Values: committed to general education, a student- centered service and support approach, and applied scholarship in a practical environment.

Strategic Vision Points to the future; what organization can become Provides perspective on where organization is headed Inspires organization members A target for entire organization to work together and achieve Helps employees focus talent, energy and commitment

The Washington Post Company (Kaplan Parent Company) Strategic Vision We aim to grow by creating new businesses, attracting more customers and operating more efficiently. To achieve these goals we encourage an entrepreneurial spirit and a realization that not every venture is going to succeed.

Business Mission and Strategic Vision Are you familiar with your organization’s business mission and/or strategic vision? If yes, how is this information communicated?

Any questions ?

Unit 3 Coursework Reading: Bateman and Snell text pp and background information concerning Sandwich Blitz, Inc. Discussion: Focus on Sandwich Blitz, Inc. and the three levels of planning: strategic, tactical and operational. Remember to apply concepts from reading and use as support whenever possible Assignment: Bateman and Snell text pp. Develop a SWOT analysis for Sandwich Blitz, Inc. based on information in assignment scenario Review: 5 multiple choice questions are relative to the Bateman and Snell reading on pages 72-83

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