 Eukaryotes, not members of the kingdoms Plantae, Animalia, or Fungi  Most unicellular but not all  Protista= very first

 Symbiosis of several cells  Mitochondria/chloroplasts live inside larger cells

 Animal-like protists-obtain food like heterotrophs  Plant-like protists- obtain food like autotrophs  Fungus-like protists- decomposers or parasites

 Zooflagellates  Movement: use flagellum to move  Food: Absorb food through cell membrane  Reproduction: asexually/sexually

 Movement: pseudopods Amoeboid movement- cytoplasm streams into pseudopod  Food: pseudopods capture take into food vacuole  Reproduce: Mitosis/Cytokinesis

Foraminiferans- Sarcodine Secretes calcium carbonate

 Movement: cilia propel  Food: Cilia move food into gullet, force food into food vacuole  Waste material emptied when food vacuole fuses with anal pore  Contractile vacuoles- cavities specialized to collect water  Ciliates= Paramecium

 Trichocysts- small bottle shaped structures used for defense Danger= stiff projections that protect cell  Two nuclei › Macronucleus- keeps genes for day to day use › Micronucleus- contains reserve copy of cells genes

 Reproduction: asexually mitosis/cytokinesis  Conjugation- exchange genetic material

 Movement: not on their own/ parasitic  Reproduction: sporozoites  Diseases: malaria

 Algae  7 major phylums › 4- unicellular › 3- multicellular  Use photosynthesis- › Chlorophyll a › Chlorophyll b › Chlorophyll c › Accessory pigments › Allow use of different light wavelengths

 Movement: Two flagellum  Pellicle- cell membrane  Food: Eye spot- cluster of reddish pigment for photosynthesis Can live as heterotrophs-absorb food  Reproduce: Asexually- binary fission

 Yellow/green algae and gold/brown algae  Have gold colored chloroplasts

 Produce thin, delicate call walls rich in silicon (component of glass)  Cell walls – different patterns like etched glass

 ½ photosynthetic ½ heterotrophic  2 flagellum  Luminescent- shimmer when agitated

 Make up the base of aquatic food chains  Phytoplankton- ½ of photosynthesis on earth

 Protists release dangerous toxins  Shell fish eat the protists = trap toxin  Human eating shell fish become very sick › Paralysis › death

1. Red algae- coral reefs 2. Brown algae- Kelp 3. Green algae › Unicellular › Colonial (volvox) › Multicellular (ulva)

 Spirogyra- Green colonial algae › Live in water › Multicellular › Spiral shaped chloroplasts

 Heterotrophs/decomposers  Slime molds or water molds  Water molds responsible for the Irish Great Potato Famine