Regionalna politika Europske unije Karakteristike Pokazatelji Nove zemlje članice

Načela solidarnosti  koncentracije;  programskog planiranja  pridodavanja (pridruživanja)  partnerstva  efikasnosti

Instrumenti ERDF- Europski fond za regionalni razvoj ESF- Europski socijalni fond FIFG-Financijski instrument za orijentaciju u ribarstvu EAGGF-Orijentacija ; Europski fond za poljoprivrednu orijentaciju i garanciju – sekcija orijentacija

Ciljevi financiranja SF-a: Cilj 1- odnosi se na regije koje zaostaju u razvoju u odnosu na prosjek EU-a (BDP po stanovniku ispod razine od 75% prosjeka EU-a Cilj 2 odnosi se na područja koja imaju strukturne poteškoće Cilj 3 obuhvaća razvoj ljudskih resursa Četiri Inicijative EU-a: 1. prekograničnu, transnacionalnu i međuregionalnu suradnju (Interreg III); 2. održivi razvoj gradova i urbanih područja s poteškoćama (Urban II); 3. ruralni razvoj kroz lokalne inicijative (Leader +); 4. uklanjanju nejednakosti i diskriminacije na tržištu rada (Equal).

Kohezijski fond Osnovan Ugovorom iz Maastrichta namijenjen za pomoć četirima najmanje razvijenim zemljama regije: Grčkoj, Portugalu, Irskoj i Španjolskoj, koje imaju BDP po stanovniku ispod 90% prosjeka EU-a financira projekte u području zaštite okoliša i transporta Sada se odnosi na 10 NMS

Sadašnjost i budućnost SF-a ObjectivesFinancial instruments ObjectivesFinancial instruments Cohesion Fund Convergence and competitiveness Cohesion Fund ERDF ESF Objective 1ERDF ESF EAGGF-Guidance FIFG Regional competitiveness and employment - regional level - national level: European employment strategy ERDF ESF Objective 2ERDF ESF European territorial cooperation ERDF Objective 3ESF InterregERDF URBANERDF EQUALESF Leader+EAGGF-Guidance Rural development and restructuring of the fisheries sector outside Objective 1 EAGGF-Guarantee FIFG Nine objectivesSix instrumentsThree objectivesThree instruments Source: European Commission 2004c, p.29.

Table 2. SFs and instruments for the EU-15, in the period (millions euro, commitments in 2004 prices) Member countries Objecti ve1 Objec tive 2 Objec tive 3 FIF G CFCIsTotal% popul. (O 1+O 2) Allocati on by country in % Austria , Belgium , Denmark Finland1, , France4,2016,5695, ,15517, Germany22,0353,7765, ,77532, Greece23, , , Ireland3, , Italy24,4242,7494, ,29432, Luxembou rg Netherland s , , Portugal21, , , Spain42,0612,9042, ,35 7 2,16262, Sweden , UK6,9025,0685, ,06118, EU-15150, , ,55 3 1, , , , Source: European Commission, 2004c, p.13.

Table 3. Comparison of economic indicators – Effects of EU regional policy GreeceIrelandPortugalSpainEU-15 In % Employment rates Unemployme nt rates …7.3 GDP per capita in % of EU-15 average (in PPS) Average annual GDP growth rates (constant price 1995) Source: EC, 2004a.

Regionalna politika EU-a prema 10 NMS PHARE ISPA SAPARD

Table 4. Total sum of PHARE, ISPA, SAPARD by countries in millions of euro CountriesPHARE (payments) ISPA (payments) SAPARD Q 2003 (payments) TotalTotal per capita) Payments/com mitments in % Bulgaria Czech Republic Estonia Hungary , Latvia Lithuania Poland2, , Romania1, , Slovakia Slovenia Czechoslovakia …… East Germany …… Multy-country programmes 1, …… Total8,748.91, , ,1 Source: EC, 2003a; EC, 2003b; EC, 2004b.

Table 5. Comparison of economic indicators for CEEC - Effects of preaccession aid Employm ent * in % Unemployment in %GDP per capita in PPP in % of EU-15 GDP growth rates (average annual) Bulgaria Czech Republic … Estonia62.0… …5.7 Hungary Latvia60.4… …5.8 Lithuania59.9… …4.6 Poland Romania … Slovakia Slovenia EU *Data about employment rates were not available for 1991.

Table 6. The allocation of SFs and CF to the new MSs in the period in millions of euro CountryObjective 1 Objective 2 Objective 3 Interre g EqualCF Total% popAllocat ion by countri es in % Czech Rep Estonia Cyprus Latvia Lithuania Hungary Malta Poland Slovenia Slovakia Total Source: European Commission, 2004c.