Significant Figures Significant figures in a measurement consist of all the digits known with certainty plus one final digit, which is somewhat uncertain.

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Presentation transcript:

Significant Figures Significant figures in a measurement consist of all the digits known with certainty plus one final digit, which is somewhat uncertain or is estimated. The term significant does not mean certain. Section 3 Using Scientific Measurements Chapter 2

Reporting Measurements Using Significant Figures Section 3 Using Scientific Measurements Chapter 2

Determining Significant Figures in numbers Chapter 2 Section 3 Using Scientific Measurements Atlantic Pacific Decimal ? PresentAbsent 1.Start on the _____ side of the number 2.Go to the first nonzero number 3.Count the digits continuing ACROSS the COUNTRY

Click below to watch the Visual Concept. Visual Concept Chapter 2 Section 3 Using Scientific Measurements Rules for Determining Significant Zeros

Significant Figures, continued Sample Problem How many significant figures are in each of the following measurements? a g b cm c. 910 m d L e kg Section 3 Using Scientific Measurements Chapter

Addition or Subtraction with Significant Figures When adding or subtracting decimals, the answer must have the same number of digits to the right of the decimal point as there are in the measurement having the fewest digits to the right of the decimal point. Multiplication or Division with Significant Figures For multiplication or division, the answer can have no more significant figures than are in the measurement with the fewest number of significant figures. Section 3 Using Scientific Measurements Chapter 2

Sample Problem Carry out the following calculations. Express each answer to the correct number of significant figures. a m m b. 2.4 g/mL  mL Section 3 Using Scientific Measurements Chapter 2 Significant Figures, continued

Sample Problem E Solution a.5.44 m m = 2.84 m Section 3 Using Scientific Measurements Chapter 2 Significant Figures, continued There should be two digits to the right of the decimal point, to match 5.44 m. b. 2.4 g/mL  mL = 38 g There should be two significant figures in the answer, to match 2.4 g/mL.

Significant Figures, continued Conversion Factors and Significant Figures There is no uncertainty in exact conversion factors. Most exact conversion factors are defined quantities. Section 3 Using Scientific Measurements Chapter 2