John Adam’s Presidency. A.Political Parties – groups that help elect government officials and shape government policies 1.TWO parties form despite Washington’s.

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John Adam’s Presidency

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Presentation transcript:

John Adam’s Presidency

A.Political Parties – groups that help elect government officials and shape government policies 1.TWO parties form despite Washington’s warnings

John Adam’s Presidency a. Federalist party – stronger federal government and promote industry and trade

John Adam’s Presidency 1.Founded by Hamilton 2. John Adams for President and Thomas Pinckney for Vice President

John Adam’s Presidency 3. Party most popular in New England

John Adam’s Presidency b. Democratic Republican Party – limit power of federal govern. 1. Started by Jefferson and Madison

John Adam’s Presidency 2. Members were called Republicans - not related to modern Republican party

John Adam’s Presidency 3. Party most popular in the South

John Adam’s Presidency 2. Both sides attack each other during the election

John Adam’s Presidency “I fear America will never go through another election without Blood Shed. We have had a paper War for six weeks past.” ~ Abigail Adams

John Adam’s Presidency 3. Adams (Federalist) narrowly defeats Jefferson

John Adam’s Presidency a. Person who took 2 nd place becomes Vice President 1. Jefferson becomes Adams’s VP after months of fighting

John Adam’s Presidency B.XYZ Affair 1. Adams’s first goal as pres. was to improve relations between US and France

John Adam’s Presidency a. France attacking American ships b. Adams sends diplomats to France but French foreign minister will not meet with them

John Adam’s Presidency c. French agents secretly meet with US diplomats: 1. French will discuss treaty only for $250,000 bribe and $12 million loan

John Adam’s Presidency 2. US refuses demand and Congress calls for war with France d. Called XYZ affair – X, Y and Z substitute for names of French agents

John Adam’s Presidency e. Adams fears war – asks for peacetime army and to expand navy 1. But American + French ships attack each other in Caribbean

John Adam’s Presidency f. Adams refuses to go to war and eventually treaty signed between French and US

John Adam’s Presidency C.Alien and Sedition Acts 1. Alien Act – President can remove foreign residents from the country “Any treasonable or secret plots against the government”

John Adam’s Presidency 2. Sedition Act – US can’t join any plots against the government’s policies Illegal to “write, print, utter or publish” any false or hostile words against the government or its policies.

John Adam’s Presidency 3. These acts applied mostly to Republicans who were unhappy with current government policies a. Some arrested and jailed

John Adam’s Presidency 4. Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions – said Alien and Sedition Acts were unconstitutional a. Written by Madison + Hamilton

John Adam’s Presidency b. Said state governments could ignore unconstitutional, federal laws c. Impacted idea of state’s rights and their right to challenge federal govern.

John Adam’s Presidency D.Election of Jefferson and Burr (Republicans) vs. Adams and Pickney

John Adam’s Presidency 2. Republicans challenge: a. Alien and Sedition Acts b. Adams’s permanent army and the taxes to maintain it c. Adams’s has hurt relationship between US and France

John Adam’s Presidency 3. Federalists respond by: a. Jefferson is too friendly with warring France b. Jefferson will get rid of organized religion

John Adam’s Presidency 4. Jefferson actively campaigns while Adams believes he will be judged on his public record a. Hamilton works against Adams and further divides Federalist party

John Adam’s Presidency E.Narrow Republican Victory 1. Jefferson and Burr each win 73 electoral votes, 65 for Adams and 64 for Pickney 2.Both Jefferson and Burr eligible for President

John Adam’s Presidency a. House of Representatives decides 1. Federalists vote for Burr 2. Republicans for Jefferson b. Another tie – repeated 30 times

John Adam’s Presidency 3. Jefferson finally wins (thanks to Hamilton) a. Federalist party weakened because of loss

John Adam’s Presidency b. Jefferson believes transfer of power between the 2 parties shows strength of US government

John Adam’s Presidency th Amendment – separate ballot for president and vice president