The Era of Good Feelings

Election of James Monroe  Election of James Monroe elected as 5 th President  Symbol of the era  Fought in the revolution- wintered at Valley Forge  Served as a minister to both France and Britain  Served as both Secretary of State and War during the War of 1812  His presidency is known as a time of political peace  Monroe hoped for a country without political parties  Collapse of the Federalist party

Political Values and Changes  Despite rivalry, Republican party adopted many Federalist policies during this time.  Second National Banks- stabilize currency, protective tariff,  Internal improvements- transportation(roads, canals, etc.)  Standing army- 20,000 men.  Trying to fix the problems that almost allowed the British to win the War of 1812  Henry Clay- Kentucky  War Hawk  “American System”- economic plan for the federal government to protect American industry

Finances…again  Inflation- more money in circulation, less precious metal backing up each note. More money is needed to represent the same value.  To Finance the War of 1812, private banks issued notes and loans for more than they had in gold and silver  Ex. One Rhode Island Bank issued $580,000, but only had $86.40 in gold and silver to back it up.  Temporary default and bankruptcy during the War, led to the creation of the 2 nd National bank, hoping to lend stability

American Industry  War of 1812 pushed Americans to manufacture more here, instead of importing from other nations  However, at the end of the War, English goods flooded the market, selling goods below their actual value as a way to damage American industry  Protective Tariff instituted to allow young American industry to compete

In the Supreme Court  John Marshall (ambassador under John Adams to France)- Chief Justice  Important Decisions  Marbury v. Madison- (1803) established right of the court to declare acts of Congress unconstitutional  McCullough v. Maryland-(1819)- established the constitutionality of the National Bank  Established that the Supreme Court had authority over the federal and state governments to declare actions and laws unconstitutional.

Expansion  After the War of 1812, explosion of expansion- 5 states are admitted to Union  Louisiana  Indiana  Mississippi  Illinois  Alabama  Improvements in transportation became necessary- roads and canals  Much argument over where would get the improvements and the Constitutionality

Foreign Affairs  Ended raids by the Barbary pirates of American shipping in the Mediterranean  Resolve unfinished issues with Britain- boundary with Canada, ships on the Great Lakes, Oregon territory  Concern over Florida- still under Spanish control  Pirates, slaves, and native Americans would use Florida as a base for raiding Georgia  Andrew Jackson- sent to punish Indians, instead, destroyed villages, overthrew governor  Uproar in Washington- John Quincy Adams (secretary of state) told Spain they needed to police Florida better or give it to the United States  Decided it was inevitable, sold Florida for $5 million in damages

The Monroe Doctrine  Worried that European powers (Spain, Russia) would attempt to retake old colonies  Monroe issues a statement, saying that the Western Hemisphere is closed to further European colonization, and that the US would oppose any action to establish colonies- became known as the Monroe Doctrine

Exit Ticket- answer the following questions on a separate sheet of paper  The Monroe Doctrine- Good or bad?  Did we have the right to make this statement?  What would the consequences be if we hadn’t?  What would you have done?