Types of Religion Religion: Set of beliefs MONOTHEISM: belief in one god POLYTHEISM: belief in many gods ATHEISM: believe there is no god

Judaism Judaism began about 4000 years ago Only worshiped one god— monotheistic wrote down beliefs and history in the Hebrew Bible Believed they were descended from Abraham Began in the Middle East

Judaism Israelites enslaved in Egypt Moses was told by God to lead the people from Egypt Moses received the Torah from God which included the Ten Commandments at Mt. Sinai Torah—Judaism’s Holy Book

Judaism—Major Beliefs Judaism-major beliefs Believe in the Torah They believe they must follow God’s laws Religion gave them hope goodness would replace suffering and evil Synagogue—Jewish church Rabbi—a Jewish minister Sabbath—day of rest and worship Exile—forced to live in a foreign land Diaspora—Jews living outside Judaea

Jewish Vocab Synagogue—Jewish church Rabbi—a Jewish minister Sabbath—day of rest and worship Exile—forced to live in a foreign land Diaspora—Jews living outside Judaea

Buddhism--Origins Started in India Started around 600 BC by Siddhartha Gautama Wealthy prince who gave up everything Wanted to find out why people suffered and how he could end suffering Called Buddha—”the Enlightened One”

Buddhism—Beliefs Nirvana—state of wisdom (give up worldly desires) Only way to end suffering is to stop wanting things Four Noble Truths Eightfold Path

Four Noble Truths 1.Life is full of pain & suffering 2.Wanting things causes suffering 3.Stop wanting things=stop suffering 4.Stop wanting things by following the Eightfold Path

Eightfold Path Made of three parts: 1. morality—doing the right thing 2. control of one’s mind—meditation 3. wisdom—wisdom & understanding

Eightfold Path 1.Understand the Four Noble Truths 2.Give up worldly things; don’t harm others 3.Tell the truth, don’t lie or gossip 4.Don’t kill or steal 5.Do good works 6.Work for good, oppose evil 7.Be aware of your actions, thoughts, and words 8.Practice meditation * Which part would each of these statements fit under?

Hinduism--Origins World’s oldest polytheistic religion Started over 3500 years ago (about 5000 BC) Not founded by any one person Began with the Aryans who had many gods and goddesses Grew out of the religious customs of many people over thousands of years

Hinduism--Beliefs Brahman—the universal spirit Karma—how a person lives Reincarnation—live more than one life to reach the Brahman Dharma—divine law; people must perform the duties of their caste Vedas—ancient hymns and prayers for religious ceremonies Helped create Caste System

Confucianism--Origins Began during Zhou Dynasty Confucius BC His sayings are still taught today

Confucianism—Beliefs Not a religion— an ethical code Goals—order, harmony, peace, & happiness on earth Treat others the way you want to be treated

Daoism--Origins Began in China from Chinese philosophies Founder– Lao Tse

Daoism--Beliefs The Dao– “the way” Daoists think people should stop wanting worldly things like fame or money Nature is a good example of harmony & how humans should live

Daoism—beliefs Yin/Yang—reflects ideals of harmony and balance The Three Jewels—compassion, moderation, and balance Tao Te—most important text

Diffusion Diffusion—means spread Spread to Southeast and Eastern Asia