SOUND WAVES are the result of VIBRATIONS

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Presentation transcript:

SOUND WAVES are the result of VIBRATIONS

A SOUND WAVE is a LONGITUDINAL WAVE but it is drawn as a transverse wave Since a sound wave consists of a repeating pattern of high pressure and low pressure regions moving through a medium, it is sometimes referred to as a pressure wave

Sound is a MECHANICAL WAVE Sound requires a medium Sound can travel in a solid, liquid, or gas

The Speed of SOUND in AIR The speed of sound 331 m/s at 00C The speed of sound increases about 0.6 m/s for each 0C rise in temperature Sound travels faster in liquids and fastest in solids than in air (a gas) because the molecules are closer together vT = v0 + 0.6T

The Frequency of a SOUND WAVE Represents the PITCH or a NOTE on a MUSICAL SCALE

Frequencies of Sound The human ear is capable of detecting sound waves between 20 Hz to 20 000 Hz. Any sound with a frequency below the audible range of hearing is an infrasound and any sound with a frequency above the audible range of hearing is known as an ultrasound. Dogs can detect frequencies between 50 Hz and 45 000 Hz. Bats, who must rely on sound echolocation for navigation and hunting, can detect frequencies as high as 120 000 Hz. Dolphins can detect frequencies as high as 200 000 Hz. An elephant possesses the unusual ability to detect infrasound, having an audible range from approximately 5 Hz to approximately 10 000 Hz.

The AMPLITUDE of a SOUND WAVE Represents the LOUDNESS of the sound

LOUDNESS in Decibels Silence 10 Heartbeat 20 Whisper 30 Soft piano 50 Silence 10 Heartbeat 20 Whisper 30 Soft piano 50 Soft talking 60 Conversation 80 Street traffic 90 Food blender 110 Thunder 120 Painful sounds 170 Jet engine

Resonance Resonance occurs when two interconnected objects share the same frequency. Resonance occurs when one object vibrating at the same natural frequency of a second object forces that second object to vibrate.

The Doppler Effect

The Doppler Effect