The Rise and Spread of Islam Chapter 11 The Rise and Spread of Islam

Agree or disagree? Religion and culture have very little to do with each other.

Does religion affect American culture? Holidays? Work week? Recreation? Business?

Quick Facts/Notes: Islam = Religion (e.g. Christianity) Muslim = people who practice Islam (e.g. Christian) 2nd largest world religion NOT anti-U.S.

Where did Islam begin?

Founding of Islam Muhammad 40 years old - angel Gabriel comes to him A.D. 570 - Mecca 40 years old - angel Gabriel comes to him Instructed to teach others

Islam Grows Merchant rulers were against Muhammad Feared pilgrimages would end - Kaaba Muhammad leaves Mecca for Medina - journey called hijrah Gains followers, returns to Mecca, and turns Kaaba into center of worship for Islam (630 A.D.)

Basics of Islamic Faith Not just a religion - lifestyle Humble lives, tolerant and generous, no pork, no alcohol Qu’ran = word of God as revealed to Muhammad Originally only in Arabic for fear of translation problems Jihad = struggle to defend the faith Mosque = religious temples No furnishings or images Men and women separate No clergy

5 Pillars of Islam 1) Profession of Faith 2) Five Daily Prayers Acknowledging Allah and Muhammad 2) Five Daily Prayers Ritual washing, facing Mecca

3) Paying zakat 4) Fast during Ramadan 5) Pilgrimage to Mecca Annual tax, meant to be used for charity 4) Fast during Ramadan Self-discipline, sympathy for the poor 5) Pilgrimage to Mecca Unites Muslims throughout the world If possible, you are supposed to do this at least once in your lifetime

“had inflicted and are now inflicting many mistreatments upon the Indians, with great haughtiness and cruelty, for when the Indians do not obey them, they insult and strike them, tear out their hair, have them stripped and cruelly flogged, and then throw them into prison in chains and cruel irons, a thing most pitiable to hear about and much more pitiable to see.” - Vasco de Quiroga, Bishop of Michoacan (c.1543)