Ch. 3 Notes…..”Cells” ISN pg. 50 I. Cells --  Smallest and most basic unit of all living things. Two Types of Cells: a. Prokaryotes  lack a nucleus and other cellular structures; have ribosomes and DNA (bacteria) includes archaea and bacteria b. Eukaryotes  have a nucleus and other cellular structure; includes plants, animals, fungi and protists II. Plant Cells  Eukaryotes; contain cell walls, chloroplast and large central vacuoles.

Ch. 3 Notes (cont.)….ISN pg. 50 Cell Wall  rigid barrier that surround the plant cell; provides a strong structure to a plant. Chloroplast  the plant organelle where photo - synthesis takes place; also gives plants their green color. Converts (CO 2) Carbon Dioxide into Oxygen (O 2 gas). Central Vacuole  holds water and Waste inside the cell

Ch.3 Notes (cont.) ….ISN pg. 50 III. Animal Cells  eukaryotes; have all the cell structures except cell wall, chloroplast and large Central vacuole. Mitochondria  structure used for energy in the cell where Cellular Respiration takes place and Oxygen (O 2 gas ) is exchanged for Carbon Dioxide (CO 2 gas ). Golgi Complex(Apparatus)  structure that packages and distributes proteins from the ER

Ch.3 Notes (cont.)….. ISN pg Endoplasmic Reticulum (rough and smooth)  Rough ER: houses the ribosomes; this structure makes proteins and lipids with many tubes used to transport the materials throughout the cell. Smooth ER: lacks the ribosomes; makes lipids and breaks down toxic materials. Lysosomes  contains digestive enzymes responsible for getting rid of damaged and dangerous material; gets rid of waste.

Ch. 3 Notes (cont.)…. ISN pg. 51 Vesicles  the pinched off pieces (small sac) of the Golgi Complex that moves materials into and out of the cell. Ribosomes  found in all cells; this structure that makes amino acids and proteins Cell Membrane  outermost layer of the cell; it is a phospholipid layer made of fats and cholesterol that protects the cell contents and allows certain objects to enter and leave the cell. Semipermeable – partial barrier

Ch. 3 Notes “Levels of Organization”… ISN pg. 51 I.Tissues  a collection of cells that work together for a specialized purpose (ex: cardiac cell – cardiac tissue – heart) cardiac tissue II. Organs  a collection of tissues that work together for a specialized purpose cardiac organ

Organization of Living Things (cont.) III. Organ Systems  a collection of organs that work together for a specialized task, activity or function. cardiovascular system IV. Organism  is any living thing that is composed of many cells, tissues, organs and organ systems