Arthropods

What is Entomology? The study of insects (and their near relatives). What are insects (and near relatives)? Insects and their relatives are ARTHROPODS.

Review of Zoological Nomenclature (classifying & naming) Taxonomic Categories Phylum Class Order Family Genus Genus & species

Review of Zoological Nomenclature Taxonomic Categories Kingdom - Animalae Phylum - Arthropoda Class - Insecta Order - Coleoptera Family - Scarabaeidae Genus - Popillia Genus & species Popillia japonica Newman

Characteristics of the Phylum Arthropoda The segmented bodies are arranged into regions, called tagmata (e.g., head, thorax, abdomen). The paired appendages (e.g., legs, antennae) are jointed. They posses a chitinous exoskeletion that must be shed during growth. They have bilateral symmetry. The nervous system is dorsal (belly) and the circulatory system is open and ventral (back).

What are some other Animal Phyla? Porifera & Cnidaria – sponges & corals. Platyhelminthes - flatworms, tapeworms Nematoda - roundworms Mollusca - clams, snails & slugs, squids Echinodermata - starfish, sea urchins Annelida - segmented worms (earthworms) Chordata - fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals

Arthropod Groups (taxa) The arthropods are divided into two large groups that exist today: Chelicerates and Mandibulates

Chelicerate Arthropod Characters: Pincher-like mouthparts - chelicerae - and pedipalps NO antennae Two body regions, usually - cephalothorax & abdomen Four pairs of legs Horseshoe crabs and arachnids are only living groups

Mandibulate Arthropod Characters: Mouthparts are mandibles - normally chewing sideways One or two pairs of antennae Various body region arrangements - cephalothorax & abdomen / head & trunk / head, thorax & abdomen Variable leg numbers Insects, crustaceans & myriapods

Orders of Arachnids Scorpions Pseudoscorpions Daddy Long-Legs Mites & Ticks Spiders

Scorpion Tick (a mite) Pseudoscorpion Daddy-long-legs Wolf Spider

Scorpion Anatomy

chelicerae eyespedipalp

Pseudoscorpion

pedipalps & chelicerae cephalothorax abdomen Mite and Tick Body Regions

American dog tick male Blacklegged (deer) tick female

American dog tick female laying egg mass ( eggs!).

Clover mites Twospotted spider mites Predatory mite

daddy long-legs cephalothoraxabdomen

pedipalp chelicera (fang) cephalothorax abdomen narrow waist Spider Anatomy

Abdomen Pedipalp Chelicera (fang) Cephalothorax Jumping Spider

Wolf spider with egg caseSpitting spider Tarantula Orb-weaving spider

Black widow with egg case Brown recluse

Classes of Myriapods (many legged arthropods) (all have one pair of antennae, a head region, and trunk with many pairs of legs, use trachea) Diplopoda - millipedes Chilopoda - centipedes

Myriapods Millipede (Diplopoda) Two pair of legs per visible segment, attached under body. Centipede (Chilopoda) Pair of fangs under head, one pair legs per visible segment - attached to side of body. No fangs, no eyes, legs attached to side of body. [one pair of antennae, head & trunk regions, trunk with many pairs of legs]

Millipede (Diplopoda) Centipede (Chilopoda) Garden centipede

Classes of Crustacea mostly marine, fresh water, a few terrestrial all have two pair of antennae five or more pairs of legs segmented abdominal appendages head & trunk or cephalothorax & abdomen body arrangement have gills Sowbugs or pillbugs Sand fleas Barnacles Crabs, lobster, shrimp

Crayfish cephalothorax (Decapoda) Sowbug (Isopoda), a terrestrial crustacean