Shear-induced crystallization of polyethylene (see Heeley, Morgovan, Bras, Dolbnya, Gleeson, & Ryan, Phys. Chem. Comm. (2002) 5, 158-160. Shear-induced.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Introduction to Light Scattering A bulk analytical technique

Advertisements

Metallic –Electropositive: give up electrons Ionic –Electronegative/Electropositive Colavent –Electronegative: want electrons –Shared electrons along bond.

Materials Science and Engineering Crystalline and Non-Crystalline Systems X-Ray Diffraction: Determination of Crystal Structure.

L. Balzano, S. Rastogi, G.W.M. Peters Dutch Polymer Institute (DPI) Eindhoven University of Technology tailoring the molecular weight distribution of polyethylene.

Using Synchrotron Radiation to Follow Structure Development in Commercial and Novel Polymer Materials During Processing T Gough (a), EL Heeley(b), W Bras.

DCMST May 23 rd, 2008 Liquid Crystals Gavin Lawes Wayne State University.

Surface Enhanced Infrared Absorption (SEIRA) Spectroscopy

Crystal Structure of a Polyethylene Oxide-Urea Inclusion Compound: the End of a 45-year-old Story Laura Adduci Professor Bruce Foxman Brandeis University.

Catalytic Impurities, Habit Modification and Crystal Structure in Fats Lipid Structural Properties Symposium, Unilever Research, Colworth, 2002 Malcolm.

Materials Composites. Introduction The major problem in the application of polymers to engineering is their low stiffness and strength compared to steel.

Flow-induced crystallization of polypropylene STW progress, 21th of september 2011 Tim van Erp, Gerrit Peters.

Structure development and mechanical performance of oriented isotactic polypropylene 15th International Conference on DYFP 1-5 April 2012, Rolduc Abbey,

Density. Computing Density Density = mass (g) volume (cm 3 ) DETERMINE VOLUME: DETERMINE MASS: RT = Pg. 1.

1 Chap. 9 Design of Composite Materials 9-1. Advantages of Composite Materials in Structural Design The main advantages of using composites in structural.

Gases Practice Problem 2004D Judy Hugh. 2004D Question Answer the following questions about carbon monoxide, CO(g), and carbon dioxide, CO 2 (g). Assume.

Chapter 13 Review “States of Matter”

Crystallinity in Polymers

3 Physical Properties of Biomaterials CHAPTER

Heat and TemperatureSection 1 SPS7.c Determine the heat capacity of a substance using mass, specific heat, and temperature.

Chapter 6. The Crystalline State. 6.1 General Considerations.

A computational study of shear banding in reversible associating polymers J. Billen, J. Stegen +, A.R.C. Baljon San Diego State University + Eindhoven.

Crystallography and Diffraction Theory and Modern Methods of Analysis Lectures 1-2 Introduction to Crystal Symmetry Dr. I. Abrahams Queen Mary University.

Geology 5640/6640 Introduction to Seismology 15 Apr 2015 © A.R. Lowry 2015 Read for Fri 17 Apr: S&W (§3.6) Last time: Structure of the Deep Earth’s.

SANS at interfaces and in bulk systems under shear Henrich Frielinghaus JCNS c/o TUM, Garching.

Static Light Scattering. Outline of Static Light Scattering FMeasurement system FRayleigh scattering FStatic structure factor FForm factors FPractical.

Andrew Dougherty Franklin Stinner (‘11) Physics Department Lafayette College, Easton PA Sidebranching in the Dendritic.

Ultrasmall-angle x-ray scattering (USAXS) utilizes Bonse-Hart double- crystal optics to extend the Q-range of SAXS down to ultralow Q values. However,

Probing anisotropic expansion history of the universe with CMBR Ajit M. Srivastava Institute of Physics Bhubaneswar Work done with: Ranjita K. Mohapatra,

Proficiency Measure Review #6 Work, Energy, Heat and Temperature.

CAVITATION DURING DEFORMATION OF PLASTICS Andrzej Pawlak Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lodz, Poland CAV 2012,

Chem Structure Factors Until now, we have only typically considered reflections arising from planes in a hypothetical lattice containing one atom.

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF MATTER Phases of Matter.

Crystallinity in Polymers Sheaf-like arrangement of lamellae in a blend of polyethylenes System: Polyethylene (PE), Composition: LPE:BPE 3:1 An image of.

Change of State Notes A change from one state of matter to another involves a gain or loss of energy. Ice melting = solid to liquid.

Lesson 8 Diffraction by an atom Atomic Displacement Parameters.

1 EFFECTS OF MOLECULAR ORIENTATION AND ANNEALING ON OPTICAL ABSORBTION OF ORIENTED PET POLYMER By Montaser Daraghmeh.

X-ray scattering 1 Cu K  :. SAXS vs. WAXS Small angle x-ray scattering – Wide angle x-ray scattering – 2.

Pressure Quench of flow-induced crystallization Zhe Ma, Luigi Balzano, Gerrit W M Peters Materials Technology Department of Mechanical Engineering Eindhoven.

Effects of molecular weight distribution on the flow-enhanced crystallization of poly(1-butene) Stefano Acierno 1, Salvatore Coppola 2, Nino Grizzuti 3.

《Modern Research Methods in Polymer Science》

Single Crystal vs. Polycrystalline Rb 3 H(SO 4 ) 2 Ba(Zr,Y)O 3-  Periodicity extends uninterrupted throughout entirety of the sample External habit often.

X-ray diffraction and minerals. Is this mineral crystalline?

Complex dynamics of shear banded flows Suzanne Fielding School of Mathematics, University of Manchester Peter Olmsted School of Physics and Astronomy,

Morfologi Polimer 1. Chemical structure of polymer has profound effect on physical properties of polymer i.e. strength, durability, transparency, heat.

Polymers (see Roe: Methods of X-ray and Neutron Scattering in Polymer Science (2000)) Polymers (see Roe: Methods of X-ray and Neutron Scattering in Polymer.

CHAPTER 8: DEFORMATION AND STRENGTHENING MECHANISMS

POLYMER CRYSTALS 1. Different from metals and ceramics 2. Two step process 3. Must decide on shape of polymer chain first 4. Then pack the chains together.

Polymer Properties Exercise Crystallinity Polyethylene is crystalline polymer which forms orthorhombic unit cell, i.e. a=b=g=90ᵒC, where a, b, a.

1 Characterizing Molecular Weight Brazel & Rosen Ch. 5 Number average molecular weight: M n.

Definitions Polymer Solubility and Thermo $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 Multi- component Materials Polymer Transitions Phase Continuity and Diagrams $400.

What is the interaction between x-rays and electrons Since x-rays are electromagnetic radiation they interact with atoms like any other radiation. Transmission—pass.

Lecture 53: X-ray crystallography. Electrons deflect x-rays We try to recreate electron density from the x-ray diffraction pattern Each point in space.

Structure and properties

Date of download: 9/18/2016 Copyright © 2016 SPIE. All rights reserved. Molecular semi-crystalline PEEK film model. The parameter δ describes the alternating.

Shapes in real space ––> reciprocal space

Characterization of Flame Retardants in Polymers:

Anything that has mass and volume

8.2 Temperature.

Molecular weight molecular weight CH4 CH3 - CH2 _ CH3 CH3 - CH3

Chapter 13 States of Matter.

Chapter 13 Review The entire first page is vocabulary!!!

Have covered…… Beginning models (Roe, Chap. 5)

Fracture Process Zone -1

Absolute Zero -the coldest possible temperature is called absolute zero -this is measured on the Kelvin scale (K); note: there are no negative temperatures.

Non-particulate 2-phase systems.

Important Definitions for Gas Laws Unit

States of Matter The Kinetic Theory

Units Matter, Energy, and Changes

2.4 Use Absolute Value Functions and Transformations (Part 1) p. 40

2.4 Use Absolute Value Functions and Transformations (Part 1) p. 40

Presentation transcript:

Shear-induced crystallization of polyethylene (see Heeley, Morgovan, Bras, Dolbnya, Gleeson, & Ryan, Phys. Chem. Comm. (2002) 5, Shear-induced crystallization of polyethylene studied by small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS/WAXS) techniques ) In situ study of development of shear-induced macrostructure of PE injection molding ––> shear flow in polymer changes crystallization kinetics & morphology chain alignment ––> 'shish kebab' structure

(see Heeley, Morgovan, Bras, Dolbnya, Gleeson, & Ryan, Phys. Chem. Comm. (2002) 5, Shear-induced crystallization of polyethylene studied by small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS/WAXS) techniques ) In situ study of development of shear-induced macrostructure of PE synchrotron radiation using shear cell & heating stage 5 sec/frame – after shear (100 pulses/sec for 5 & 10 sec) Shear-induced crystallization of polyethylene crystallization temperature

Results stacking of lamellae along shear direction Shear-induced crystallization of polyethylene lower MW - less orientation shear direction

More results invariant vs crystallization time Shear-induced crystallization of polyethylene lower MW - less orientation

Pores in polymers & carbons (see Olivier, Lagasse, Schaeffer, Barnes, & long, Macromolecules (1996) 29, SA small-angle-scattering study of the pore-orientation periodicity in porous polymer and carbon materials ) Banded spherulites ––> carbon foams crystallized blend of maleic anhydride (MA) & polyacrylonitrile (PAN) bands are ~ 3.5 mm in width in this system (can use SAXS) sublimate MA & pyrolyze ––> carbon foams (98% void volume)

Pores in polymers & carbons (see Olivier, Lagasse, Schaeffer, Barnes, & long, Macromolecules (1996) 29, SA small-angle-scattering study of the pore-orientation periodicity in porous polymer and carbon materials )

Pores in polymers & carbons (see Olivier, Lagasse, Schaeffer, Barnes, & long, Macromolecules (1996) 29, SA small-angle-scattering study of the pore-orientation periodicity in porous polymer and carbon materials ) averages of intensity data around azimuth - not on absolute scale q –4

Pores in polymers & carbons (see Olivier, Lagasse, Schaeffer, Barnes, & long, Macromolecules (1996) 29, SA small-angle-scattering study of the pore-orientation periodicity in porous polymer and carbon materials ) averages of intensity data around azimuth - not on absolute scale q –4 sharp polymer/void interface

Pores in polymers & carbons

Plots of intensity differences from intensity averages over 22 positions

Pores in polymers & carbons Plots of intensity differences from intensity averages over 22 positions Plots repeat at 3 – 4 mm translation interval

Pores in polymers & carbons Plots of sector averages of intensity vs translation position

Pores in polymers & carbons Before pyrolysis After pyrolysis

Pores in polymers & carbons Observation in as-crystallized blend: bands move when sample is rotated around growth direction indicates rotation of crystal orientations substantiated by high-angle x-ray studies orthorhombic MA cells

Pores in polymers & carbons Observation in as-crystallized blend: bands move when sample is rotated around growth direction indicates rotation of crystal orientations substantiated by high-angle x-ray studies band motion observed in pyrolyzed mat'l ––> anisotropic pore rotation orthorhombic MA cells

Pores in polymers & carbons band motion observed in pyrolyzed mat'l ––> anisotropic pore rotation pore shape assumed ellipsoidal

Pores in polymers & carbons band motion observed in pyrolyzed mat'l ––> anisotropic pore rotation substantiated by oscillation in Porod data plots pore shape assumed ellipsoidal

Pores in polymers & carbons Porod constant, K P, for isotropic case For anisotropic case Also, for average chord length,, inside pore vol. fact.

Pores in polymers & carbons Porod constant, K P, for isotropic case For anisotropic case

Pores in polymers & carbons Porod constant, K P, for isotropic case For anisotropic case