 SPECIES = a group of closely related organisms capable of breeding and producing fertile offspring  Every day, somewhere on Earth, a unique species of organism becomes extinct  Over 1.7 million species known to science, most are INSECTS (see p 241)

 BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY -refers to the # and type of species in a given area -an important natural resource  SPECIES = all different populations  ECOSYSTEM = variety of habitats and eco- logical processes  GENETIC = all the different D.N.A.

 Stability of ecosystem  Sustainability of ecosystem  Species survival  Human use and benefit - medicine - shelter - products - food - clothing - knowledge - crops(hybrids)

Slow growing tree in old growth forests of Pacific North West Considered ‘trash’ tree Bark contains TAXOL Promising treatment for breast and ovarian cancer trt

Contains DIGITALIS Prevents ‘dropsy’ (heart failure)

 Ethical reasons- the right thing to do, right to exist  Aesthetic reasons- beauty, enjoyment, pets, nature  Commercial- agriculture, jobs, tourism, fishing & hunting

All genera Well defined genera Trend line Big Five mass extinctions Other mass extinctions Million Years Ago Thousands of Genera

 EXTINCT- gone forever  ENDANGERED- likely to b/c extinct w/o protective measures  THREATENED- has a declining population likely to b/c endangered See table p 246

 Rate of extinctions increasing  Since 1800 up to 25% of all species extinct  Species with small populations  Species with a limited range  Migratory species  Species with special needs  Species exploited by humans

 Destruction of habitat  Introduction of nonnative species  Pollution/Pesticides  Overharvesting  Climate Change

 Tropical Rain Forests  Coral Reefs  Coastal Areas  Islands

 The most remarkable areas on earth are also the most threatened. These are the Hotspots, the richest and most threatened reservoirs of plants and animal life on Earth.”

 Zone of Mediterranean climate  Many unique plants like Giant Sequoia  Also critically endangered Ca. Condor  Threatened by farming, pollution, overpopulation, road building etc.

 INSTEAD:  Answer Questions  On page 260 in the space for #15

 Captive Breeding  Preservation of Genetic Material  Zoos, Parks and Gardens  Research  Protection of habitats & ecosystems  International cooperation  Laws

 International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (I.U.C.N.)- produce RED LIST  The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species-elephants and ivory

 Signed by President Nixon in 1973  Protect species from economic growth & development  Overseen by N.O.A.A. and U.S. Fish & Wildlife  Must make list of endangered species  Must protect from human harm  Must prevent projects that jeopardize species  Must create recovery plan

Media Center Work:  Monday Nov 26th- Period 11  Tuesday Nov 27 th - Period 4/5  Come in to class Wednesday with the info on your Endangered Species