Han Xuyang Joshua Ian Lim Ho Tzyy Yeou Lee Zheyi Boey Rui Yu 1

Understanding Pulau Ubin Understanding the Coastal Environment Proposal for Green Resort Using Green Technology Location requirements Nature Trail Contents 2

Understanding Pulau Ubin (History) A small island located at the North –East of Singapore First appeared on a map in a sketch of Singapore drawn in 1828, known as Pulo Obin then One of the few last areas in Singapore that is preserved from urbanisation. Since the British’s founding of Singapore, Pulau Ubin is widely known for its granite Granite is supplied to construction industries in mainland Singapore in the past Granite quarries closed down in the 1970s and many residents left Pulau Ubin 3

Understanding Pulau Ubin (History) Human Settlements Human Settlements A number of Malays from Kallang River moved to Pulau Ubin in the 1880s which began the thriving Malay population Many villages in Pulau Ubin were named either after the first person who settled in the village or by a specific feature in the area -For example, Kampong Leman was named after a person Leman Set up in 1952 by the donations from the local Chinese residents, Bin Kiang school catered to the increasing number of children As the enrolment of students decreased, Bin Kiang school closed down in 1985, and demolished in A Malay school was also set up in 1956, but closed down in the 1970s 4

Understanding Pulau Ubin (History) Legend has it that 3 animals – a pig, a frog and an elephant challenged each other to reach Johor from Pulau Ubin. The last animal to reach there would be turned into stone. However, all 3 animals met with several obstacles and none of them reached Johor in the end. The 3 animals were thus petrified and turned into stone. After they were turned into stone, the elephant and pig turned in to Pulau Ubin, and the frog turned into Pulau Sekudu, otherwise known as “Frog Island”. 5

Mamam Beach Understanding the Coastal Environment Direction of wind is from East to West Wave Frequency IntervalNo. of WavesWave Type 1 st minute13Neutral 2 nd minute8Constructive 3 rd minute9Constructive 4 th minute12Constructive 5 th minute14Destructive Average11.2Constructive Direction of waves is from North-east to South-west 6

Mamam Beach Understanding the Coastal Environment Sand Size (in mm)ShapeColourTexture 4RectangularWhite-brown Coarse grained 4.3IrregularBrown 3.7IrregularWhite-brown Average size of sand – 4 mm 7

Proposal for Green Resort Mamam Beach There are many positive factors which makes Mamam Beach a suitable place to build a Green Resort, as well as negative factors which we have to consider and try to overcome them. In the Green Resort, we will build a resort that would bring tourists as close to nature as possible. We will use as much as what nature provides us with and not at the expense of risking the biodiversity in Pulau Ubin. Positive factors At Mamam Beach, there is little or no need to burn fossil fuels to produce energy as there are several natural alternative source of energy that could be harnessed. The abundant amount of sunlight at Mamam Beach in the day allows us to harness the sunlight using solar panels built at the rooftop of the Green Resort to produce Solar energy. 8

Proposal for Green Resort Wind is also strong at Mamam Beach and we could possibly use wind energy as another alternative source of energy. The third source of alternative energy is tidal energy. In a high-tide period, energy can be harnessed from the waves to produce electricity for the Green Resort. The Green Resort is also built facing the sea, which many tourists like as there is a beautiful scenery of the sea. 9

Mamam beach We propose to have a green resort built at Mamam beach as there are many qualities there that make it suitable for the green resort to be built. There are sufficient sunlight that can be harnessed by solar panels to produce electricity. There is also sufficient wind for the tourists to enjoy as there are no blockages of the path of the wind as the sea is just in front of the resort and thus wind will not be a problem. The sea is also within reach and the tourists could have a swim immediately after coming out of the resort and can return quickly to the comfort of the resort after the swim. Thus, Mamam beach will be a great place for the building of the green resort on Pulau Ubin. Proposal for Green Resort (location) 10

2. Location of 2 First Aid Posts Purai Hut It is located near the entrance of the Chek Jawa area, a more often visited area. Although bicycles are not allowed in the area, the coastal broadways, mangrove walks and steep steps of the Jejawi Tower can be dangerous to the incautious visitors Mamam Beach The area is prone to water-bound accidents. Due to the Green resort being built near this beach, visitors will be flooding the areas and thus, the amount of litter left on the beach increases and visitors may easily get cuts. Location requirements 11

Location of 2 First Aid Posts Location requirements 12

4. Lighting plan for Tourist Trail The lighting routs will extend from the Green Resort to the entrance of Chek Jawa and the Town Centre, and also from Chek Jawa to the Murai Hut, making it a complete connected path. Location requirements 13

The illuminated paths Location requirements 14

Lighting on Plants Optical fibres are placed on the plants at the sides of the paths, both illuminating the paths with green and blue lights and also beautify the forests. Lighting on Paths The sides of the routes can be brightened up by short park lamps. Not only can the lamps light up the paths, it does not spoil the natural darkness of the night. Location requirements 15

Facilities Categorised rubbish chutes (Cans, Plastic, Newspapers & Others) Toilet bowls – 2 flush modes: Half flush/Full flush Water used for flushing can be collected from rainwater / seawater Energy saving light bulbs in rooms and corridors that only light up when movement from people is sensed Leaflets are made from recycled paper and only given when requested Green Resorts 16

Advantages: The sand is very fine and is about 0.4mm. Disadvantages: There are very little waves It is already packed with many people as it is near the town centre Very far from the natural trials It is facing Singapore and it is not pleasing to the eye There is very little wind Jetty 17

Pros: A large amount of biodiversity in the sea and on land The wind is also very strong Many mangroves settlements can be found there. it is facing the sea Cons: Building a resort would destroy the trees there Building renewable energy plants such as tidal plants would kill the rich amount of sea creatures The main attraction of the island would be destroyed Chek Jawa 18

The restrictions of the current resort on Ubin: There is only a man-made lake that facilitates the tourists living there to swim in. This is not recommended as the tourists could not get a taste of swimming in the sea near Ubin and interacting first hand with the marine diversity there The lighting at night in the resort is also powered by electricity that is generated by the fuel burnt. Although the sun there is very strong, the resort do not have any ways to harness it or use it Restrictions of the existing Resort 19

Solar Panels Solar Panels can be fitted on the rooftops of the green resort in Pulau Ubin. This enables the building to harness the solar energy that is produced in the day to power the lights in the resort at night. The solar energy should be sufficient to power the lights in the night as Pulau Ubin in the day is very sunny and bright, so if there were to have a large solar panel, the solar energy that is harnessed can cut down costs on electricity and in turn also cut down the carbon emission as less fuel is needed to be burnt to produce the electricity needed for the resort to be lightened up. Using Green Technology in the Resort 20

Using Green Technology in the Resort Wind Turbines Since wind is rather strong in the Mamam Beach, we suggest that wind turbines could be set up to harness the energy from the wind and to convert it to electricity for the Green Resort. However, wind is quite unpredictable and may not be a constant and reliable source of energy for the Green Resort. Wind turbines are also expensive to built and a large area of land is needed to built wind farms.  21

Using Green Technology in the Resort Tidal Plants Tidal plants can be built in the sea of the Mamam Beach, where waves can be strong and could generate electricity from the energy of the waves for the Resort. If in some cases there is insufficient solar energy to supply electricity to the Resort over the night, electricity could be generated from the tidal energy. Since tides are more predictable than wind, tidal energy is a more reliable source of energy than wind energy. 22

Saving energy Since the Mamam Beach area receives high amount of sunlight, the resort can be made built facing the sun and the facade of the resort can be constructed using glass panels. This is so that lighting in the lobby of the resort is not needed during sunny days as it can be brightened up by the sun. There is also no need for fans for the outdoor areas like the outdoor cafe and activity corners(fitness corner etc) as the wind is strong in the Mamam Beach area. 23

Coastal Management We have chosen to use soft engineering methods to prevent further erosion of the coast by the waves. Soft engineering methods work with nature to protect the coast from erosion. There are several soft engineering methods, such as beach nourishment and encouraging the growth of coral reef. In beach nourishment, new beaches are built, usually by pumping sand onto it. The material added to the beach must be similar to the original beach or else it will be more vulnerable to erosion. The source of the material is usually from offshore. Advantages Beach nourishment offers a long term protection of the coast from erosion by waves and it is cost effective. By encouraging the growth of coral reef, the coral reef can act as a natural barrier from the strong waves by reducing the wave energy 24

Coastal Management Disadvantages The cost of beach nourishment is high, as there are many processes necessary to create the new beach, such as dredging, transporting and dumping of sand on the depleted shore. Also, the materials that is used to replenish the beach must be compatible with the environment, else the coast will also be eroded as well. By encouraging the growth of the coral reef, a large area of the sea is required and the coral reefs require a long time to grow, thus this method may not work immediately. Lastly, the coral reefs are fragile and can die easily if the water is polluted. 25

“Explore a part of Singapore like you’ve never done before” Allow visitors to witness a totally different Singapore – last kampong in Singapore. Showcase the rich biodiversity in Chek Jawa and have a close experience with nature. Enables visitors to learn and have a taste of the culture of Pulau Ubin and Singapore’s past history. Tourist Trail 26

“Explore a part of Singapore like you’ve never done before” 1.Temples  Chek Jawa -Scale the 7 storey Jejawi Tower to have a good bird’s eye view of the island - gives tourists a first good impression of Pulau Ubin -Walk along the mangrove boardwalk to sight the natural mangrove swamps -Travel on the coastal boardwalk to have an up-close experience with the rich biodiversity at Chek Jawa (low tide period) Tourist Trail (Day) 27

“Explore a part of Singapore like you’ve never done before” 1.Temples (Town Centre)  Chek Jawa 2.Chek Jawa  Balai Quarry 3.Balai Quarry  Mamam Beach 4.Mamam Beach (eco-friendly vehicle)  Aquaculture farm 5.Aquaculture farm  Ubin Quarry 6.Ubin Quarry  Jetty 7.Trail time: Approx. 3 ½ Hours (Experience rare encounters with the Oriented Pied Hornbills, Collared Kingfishers etc.) Tourist Trail (Day) 28

“Explore a part of Singapore like you’ve never done before” 1.Chek Jawa (Jejawi Tower)  Jalan Durian/Jalan Ubin 2.Jalan Ubin  Town Centre 3.Town Centre  Temples 4.Temples  Teowchew Drama (Biannual, available for the month of Hungry Ghosts) 5.Teowchew Drama  Jetty 6.Trail time: Approx. 2 Hours (Free torches are provided) Tourist Trail (Evening/Night) 29