Gilbert Noussitou 2010G_L CHAPTER 30 YEAST BREADS
Gilbert Noussitou 2010G_L Yeast Breads Two Categories: –Lean dough (little or no fat or sugar) French and Italian breads –Rich dough (significant amount of sugar or fat) Brioche Multigrain breads
Gilbert Noussitou 2010G_L Yeast A living organism A one-celled fungus Feeds on carbohydrates Fermentation: Yeast + carbohydrates = alcohol + carbon dioxide
Gilbert Noussitou 2010G_L Yeast Fermentation Temperature sensitive Prefers broad range of 21 to 54°C (70 to 130°F) depending on the type of yeast Most common is 32 to 43°C (90 to 110°F) Dormant at 2°C (34°F) Killed at 59°C (138°F)
Yeast Fermentation (cont.) Salt is used to; 1.control yeast development 2.for flavour 3.to condition gluten (makes it stronger and more elastic) Gilbert Noussitou 2010G_L2-29-5
Gilbert Noussitou 2010G_L Types of Yeast Compressed or fresh yeast (70% moisture) –Best temperatures: 21 to 32°C (70 to 90°F) Active dry yeast –Best temperatures: 41 to 46°C (105 to 115°F) Instant yeast (quick-rise dry yeast) –Combined with dry ingredients –Best temperatures: 52 to 54°C (125 to 130°F) Sourdough starter
Gilbert Noussitou 2010G_L Yeast Compressed YeastDry Yeast
Gilbert Noussitou 2010G_L Sourdough Starter
Gilbert Noussitou 2010G_L Production Stages 1.Scaling the ingredients 2.Mixing and kneading a.Straight dough method b.Sponge method c.Rolled-in dough 3.Fermenting 4.Punching 5.Portioning 6.Rounding 7.Shaping 8.Proofing 9.Baking 10.Cooling and storing
Gilbert Noussitou 2010G_L Kneading Dough by Hand
Gilbert Noussitou 2010G_L Washes for Yeast Products Whole egg and water……. Whole egg and milk…….. Egg white and water…….. Water……………………. Flour…………………….. Milk or cream……… Shine and colour Shine and colour; soft crust Shine, firm crust Crisp crust Texture and contrast Colour with soft crust
Gilbert Noussitou 2010G_L Rolled-In Dough Croissants Danish Puff pastry