Music therapy as a clinical intervention for mental disorders: State of the evidence Christian Gold, PhD GAMUT, Uni Research Health Bergen, Norway.

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Presentation transcript:

Music therapy as a clinical intervention for mental disorders: State of the evidence Christian Gold, PhD GAMUT, Uni Research Health Bergen, Norway

Overview Some initial thoughts/ideas Mental health Music therapy Evidence Review of existing evidence Gaps in the evidence Outside the scope The future

What is mental health (and why is it so hard to investigate)?

Borsboom & Cramer 2013 Annu Rev Clin Psychol; Borsboom et al PLOS ONE

What is music therapy (and why is it so hard to investigate)? Video “Joel” Wigram 2010 Aalborg University

What is music therapy (and why is it so hard to investigate)? a “complex intervention” music experiences + relationships “that develop through them” “what music?” – the wrong question Campbell et al BMJ Bruscia 1998, 2014 Defining music therapy

What is trustworthy evidence?

Campbell et al BMJ

What is trustworthy evidence? Campbell et al BMJ

What is trustworthy evidence?

“PICO”: Participants Interventions Comparisons Outcomes plus setting, context,... internal vs. external validity

What is trustworthy evidence? Thorpe et al J Clin Epidemiol

Evidence for MT: Depression Maratos et al Cochrane Db Syst Rev

Evidence for MT: Depression Maratos et al Cochrane Db Syst Rev

Evidence for MT: Depression Erkkilä et al BJPsych

Evidence for MT: Depression Erkkilä et al BJPsych

Evidence for MT: Depression Werner et al Aging Ment Health

Evidence for MT: Schizophrenia Mössler et al Cochrane Db Syst Rev

Evidence for MT: Schizophrenia Mössler et al Cochrane Db Syst Rev

Evidence for MT: Autism spectrum Geretsegger et al Cochrane Db Syst Rev

Evidence for MT: Autism spectrum Geretsegger et al Cochrane Db Syst Rev

Evidence for MT: Dementia Vink et al Cochrane Db Syst Rev

Evidence for MT: Dementia Ridder et al Aging Ment Health

Evidence for MT: Mixed MH problems Gold et al Clin Psychol Rev

Evidence for MT: Mixed MH problems Gold et al Clin Psychol Rev

Evidence for MT: Mixed MH problems Gold et al Psychother Psychosom

Evidence for MT: Mixed MH problems Chen et al IJOTCC

The gap: What RCTs leave out

Observational studies Gold et al PAPTRAP

Observational studies Mössler et al Arts Psychother

Qualitative research Rolvsjord 2015 Nord J Music Ther

Qualitative research Solli 2015 Nord J Music Ther

Neuroscience Blood & Zatorre 2001 PNAS

Neuroscience Lai et al Brain

Outside the scope Hole et al Lancet

Outside the scope Coulton et al BJPsych

The future?

Thank you! Acknowledgements: