Respiratory Ventilation

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Presentation transcript:

Respiratory Ventilation B10 1152 Lab Respiratory Ventilation

Inspiratory Muscles Diaphragm External Intercostal Scalenes Sternocleidomastoids Neck & Back muscles Upper-respiratory-tract muscles

Mechanics of breathing Quiet breath: +/- 3 mmHg intrapulmonary pressure. Forced breath: Extra muscles, including abs +/- 20-30 mm Hg intrapulmonary pressure

Pulmonary Function Spirometry: Breathe into a closed system, with air, water, moveable ball Insert fig. 16.16

Lung volumes Tidal volume (TV): in/out with quiet breath (500 ml) Total minute volume: tidal x breaths/min 6 L/min Exercise: even 200 L/min! Anatomical dead space: Conducting zone Dilutes tidal volume, by a constant amount. Deeper breaths -> more fresh air to alveoli.

Lung volumes Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV): volume of air you could inhale with maximal effort Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV): volume of air one can expire with maximal effort Forced-Expiratory Volume (FEV1): volume of air exhaled as rapidly & completely as possible in one second

Lung capacities Vital capacity (VC): total volume of exhaled air from maximal inspiration to maximal exhalation Residual volume (RV): always left in lungs, even with forced expiration. Not measured with spirometer Total lung capacity (TLC): VC plus residual volume Vital capacity is the single most important pulmonary function measurement Functional residual capacity (FRC): volume of air remaining in lung at the end of a normal exhalation; FRC is the resting volume of the lung