P13411: High Temperature Waste Pasteurizer Kyle Weston – Team Lead Eng. Kyle Cohn – Lead Structural Eng. Brian Kilger – Lead Manufacturing Eng. Stephanie Mauro – Lead Thermal Eng.

Agenda  Project Description  Customer Needs  Engineering Specifications  Concept Summary  System Architecture  Design Summary  Prototype Design  Ideal Design  Cost Analysis  Results of Testing  Project Evaluation  Suggestions for Improvement

Project Description  To design an inexpensive waste pasteurizer to transform waste into a safe to use fertilizer using renewable energy and materials available in Haiti.  Customer Needs: CN#DescriptionCustomer Ranking CN1Contain pathogens during process9 CN2Make end product free of pathogens9 CN3Cost <$509 CN4Safe human interface9 CN5Environmental resistance9 CN6Easily repaired3 CN7Easy to load/unload3 CN8Easy to use3 CN9Easy to relocate3 CN10Use local materials3 CN11Minimize time required to pasteurize1 CN12Meet the needs of a family of 3-5 people1 CN13Communicate to the user that temperatures have been reached1

Time to Pasteurize

Engineering Specs Spec #CN #ImportanceDescription Measure of Performance Engineering Units Marginal Value Ideal Value ES1CN2, CN119 Provide heat to waste using renewable energy in order to kill pathogens Temperature, Time °C, hours 50 °C for 1 week 63 °C for 1 hour ES2CN49 Vent combustive gasses in order to prevent explosions and smell Amount of methane inside chamber ppm50,000 Less than 30,000 ES3CN1, CN49 Contain pathogens, do not allow unsafe leakage of untreated wastes Is there leakage? Binary (Yes/No) No ES4CN49 Temperature of the access door or handle Temperature°C50 °C38 °C ES5CN1, CN59 Are any electrical components sealed from possible water damage? IEC60529 Digit 2 Level O-8 Binary (Yes/No) No ES6CN1, CN53 The product should withstand the winds experienced by Haiti Does the product withstand wind mph20 mph25 mph ES7 CN4, CN7, CN8 3 Customer must be able to easily add, stir (optional) and remove waste Time to add, stir and remove material minutes ES8 CN12, CN7, CN9, CN11 3Volume of product accommodatedVolumeLiters3 liters5 liters ES9CN2, CN119 Does the entire sample of human waste contain safe pathogen levels Temperature ES10CN131Show Disinfection has taken place Yes Did not pass Not necessary Pass marginal value Pass ideal value

Concept Selection  Datums  Capetown Project (left)  Cookit (right)  3 Concepts with highest scores from Pugh Chart  Combined features from the top 3 concept into one design

Systems Architecture

Design Summary: Assembly

Design Summary: iPooP  Indicator of Pasteurization of our Poop Spring Chamber Wax Chamber Spring Wax Divider Piece Push Rod

Cost Analysis  Total cost of Prototype: $  Some parts needed to be purchased in large lot sizes  Some parts were donated by the MSD department  Total cost of mass produced unit: $63.47  Includes all necessary parts in price (Customers provide no extra materials)  Plenty of opportunities exist to reduce price

Results: Heat Test  Temperature inside inner pot reached 65.5 C for 1 hour  iPooP successfully indicated pasteurization  Handle did not stay below 49 C

Results: Wind Test  Preliminary testing resulted in design change of permanently securing reflectors in place  Showed no signs of degradation or tipping while experiencing 20 mph winds  Could not be tested at 25mph wind speeds Reflector Angle: 30 ° Gust of Wind Windspeed [mph] Reflector Angle: 60 ° Gust of Wind Windspeed [mph] Reflector Angle: 90 ° Gust of Wind Windspeed [mph]

Results: Additional Tests  Leak Test: No water leaked from inner bucket to outer bucket  Load Test: 5 subjects were each able to load and unload the pasteurizer in under 1 minute  Volume Test: Pasteurizer held minimum requirement of 3L of water  Durability Test: Pasteurizer withstood strong kick  Wax Melting Temperature Test: Selected wax used in iPooP has a melting temperature of 58.8 ° C

Evaluation  Successful accomplishments:  Re-usable pasteurizer  Does not need potable water  Pasteurizes waste in 2.5 hours based on iPooP  Most components can be replaced or repaired in Haiti  Potential Improvements  Handle of pot reaches too high of a temperature and would need to be allowed time to cool before handling  Wax in iPooP melts at a temperature below the ideal pasteurization temperature  iPooP can not be easily replaced in Haiti

Lessons Learned  Should have considered handle temp requirement when purchasing pot  Should have ordered wax and tested melting temperatures earlier  Should have allotted more time for testing  Should have acquired materials from what was available as extra and from the machine shop

Suggestions for Improvement  Testing in Rochester in Spring/Summer  Testing in Haiti (actual environment)  Use of cheaper materials or materials more readily available in Haiti  Possibility of using in conjunction with Portable Multi Use Shelter (P13414)  Possibility of using in conjunction with Bloom Box Solid Oxide Fuel Cell, which is powered by biomass: bloom-box-for-your-pocket bloom-box-for-your-pocket

Acknowledgements  Guide: John Kaemmerlen  Customer: Sarah Brownell  Machine Shop  Brian Thorn  Carl Lundgren  John Wellin Thank You for your Support and Guidance