According to Berk,(2013), she noted that “Early childhood: from 2 to 6 years. The body becomes longer and leaner, motor skills are refined, and children become more self-controlled and self- sufficient” p.5. This is when pre-school starts and social and cognitive skills are starting to emerge more frequently. As kids attend pre-school they will start to engage with other kids and learn how to share and play with others. They will start to learn a lot of new games and this will involve being physical in some ways. There is a slight difference between the ages of 3-4 then from 4-5 years, there are learning how to function better with certain things like walking down stairs, confidence will help with learning how to i.e., walk, run, throw. According to the CDC (2014) here are some things they should be able to do, “swings and climbs, stands on one foot for 10 seconds or longs”. Physical development milestones are very important, it will help their confidence with playing outside with others. Activity and exercise is a vital component to staying healthy.

At the age of four years of age language and communication is vital and should not be overlooked when it comes to atypical development. These are basic things in early childhood your child should be able to task very easily. At the age of five, a child should be able to According to the CDC (2014), noted that regarding language and communication, “speaks very clearly, name and address”. At this stage of development a five year old is learning new information everyday and will continue to learn and develop new schemas and add to existing ones as well.

Berk (2013) noted “Becomes increasingly aware that make-believe (and other thought processes) are representational activities. Replaces beliefs in magical creatures and events with plausible explanation” (as quoted in Berk, 2013, p.248). Children will be able to identify with what they read to be fiction or non fictional. They will ultimately be able to understand what is real and what is not real. For instance when kids is reading a story about a kid in their community, they will be able to understand what they are reading to be current and real. At this stage children’s imagination will thrive and stories start to come alive. In elementary school your child should start to learn about lies and the truth, make believe stories and characters to not be real ones. Cognitively children at this age should be able to According to the CDC (2014) “counts 10 or more things, Knows about things used every day, like money and food”. Most kids will be introduced to money when they go to the store with their mom or dad, or earn money for chores they do around the house or in their room. Will already know some of the foods they dislike or like, by being introduced at home or school.

Atypical sign of development is vary apparent at this stage of development in children, most children are at the same level of development, but some sit right on the cusp of coming out of their shell. According to the CDC (2014) noted that if a child “can’t give first and last name, doesn’t draw pictures, can’t brush teeth, can’t tell what is real and what’s make-believe. This is a tall tell sign of atypical development”. At this point if your child is showing signs of this development you should contact your doctor to see if everything is ok and possibly your child is just behind a little and may need a little more help from home and school.

There are a few things as a parent you can do to assist with influencing your child’s learning. You could enroll your child in an after-school program that involves tutoring, recreational activities. Your child just might be shy and has a hard time with socializing with new people. Not every child is going to be energetic and have the attitude of being very open and friendly. For some kids it make take awhile to come out of their shell. Afterschool programs, or extra curricular activities will help with shyness and confidence.

 Berk, Laura E.. Child Development, 9th Edition. Pearson, VitalBook file. Retrieved from ebooks.bookrenter.com/books/ /page/5http://my- ebooks.bookrenter.com/books/ /page/5  Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2014). Important Milestones: Your Child at Four Years. Retrieved from  Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2014). Important Milestones: Your Child at Five Years. Retrieved from  Berk, Laura E.. Child Development, 9th Edition. Pearson, VitalBook file. Retrieved from ebooks.bookrenter.com/books/ /page/248http://my- ebooks.bookrenter.com/books/ /page/248  Berk, Laura E.. Child Development, 9th Edition. Pearson, VitalBook file. Retrieved from ebooks.bookrenter.com/books/ /page/248http://my- ebooks.bookrenter.com/books/ /page/248