200 pt 300 pt 400 pt 500 pt 100 pt 200 pt 300 pt 400 pt 500 pt 100 pt 200pt 300 pt 400 pt 500 pt 100 pt 200 pt 300 pt 400 pt 500 pt 100 pt 200 pt 300 pt 400 pt 500 pt 100 pt Austrian Monkeys Laws and Terms Definitions Looks & Genetics DNA

This Austrian Monk is known as the Father of modern Genetics.

Who is Gregor Mendel

In his study of heredity Mendel used this type of plant.

Pea Plant

Through his research Mendel developed this.

The first workable model of how genetics works

The pea plant was ideal for Mendel’s Research because they had these features. (list three)

Tall and Short, Smooth and wrinkled seeds, and Complete flowers

In order to perform his experiment Mendel need to have this type of strain of plants

Purebred

Define: Law of Dominance

Certain traits are dominant and appear to make recessive traits disappear.

Define: The Law of Independent Assortment

Factors (genes) for certain characteristics are passed from one generation to the next independently from other traits

Define a Dominant Trait

Expressive allele, indicated by a capital letter.

Define a Recessive trait

The genes do not express themselves; these are represented by lower case letters

Define Probability

The likelihood that some outcome will occur

Chromosome

Rod shaped bodies that occur in pairs, carry the genetic make up

Genetics

The study of how traits are passed

Genes

Heredity units located on the chromosome

Homozygous

Condition in which two alleles in a given location are the same

Heterozygous

Condition when two alleles at a given location are different

Define Genotype

The Genetic composition of an individual

Define Phenotype

How an allele expresses itself, what it looks like

Is the following gene set Heterozygous or Homozygous BB

Homozygous

If you see a black cow standing in a field, do you know its phenotype or genotype? How? (Black is dominant)

The phenotype is black (what it looks like). You know that it has at least one black gene, but you cannot know the rest of its genotype.

Define Meiosis

Process of cell division that produces gametes, having a haploid number of chromosomes

The shape of DNA is called a

Double Helix

List the four Nitrogen bases (full names)

Adenine, Guanine, Thymine, Cytosine

Which nitrogen bases are purines?

Adenine & Guanine

How do the bases pair?

A-T & C-G

Which parent controls the gender of offspring and why?

Male, because his chromosomes are XY and the female is XX meaning whatever the male passes becomes the new offspring's gender