LP 5: ETHICAL THEORIES PRESENTATION M/1:30 Justine Ziegel, Dan Fellenz, Justin Enfelt March 23, 2009.

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Presentation transcript:

LP 5: ETHICAL THEORIES PRESENTATION M/1:30 Justine Ziegel, Dan Fellenz, Justin Enfelt March 23, 2009

Utilitarianism Perspective “Of any actions, the most ethical one will produce the greatest balance of benefits over harms.”

Who were two contributors?  John Stuart Mill  Louis P. Pojman

John Stuart Mill Born in the Pentonville area of London, eldest son of philosopher and historian James Mill

Mills  System focuses only on consequences  Defends utilitarianism, the view that the supreme principle of morality is to act so as to produce as much happiness as possible, each person counting equally.

Louis P. Pojman Grew up in Cicero, IL Earned Bachelor’s Degree from Nyack College and New Brunswick Theological Seminary and a Ph. D in Ethics

Pojman  Was Professor of Philosophy at the US Military Academy  Explained the grounds on which utilitarianism has been attacked and the possible responses available to its defenders.

Criticisms  One’s happiness might be at the expense of someone else’s happiness.  We think that a fool satisfied is just as good or better off than a genius dissatisfied.

Pojman Explained the grounds on which Utilitarianism has been attacked and the possible responses available to its defenders.

Current Ethical Dilemma: Liberty Stuart’s view on liberty: An individual should be free to do as they wish unless they harm others. Stuart’s view on liberty: An individual should be free to do as they wish unless they harm others. The point is: no one was free before America liberated Iraq. The point is: no one was free before America liberated Iraq.

Two Classical Types of Utilitarianism Act Utilitarianism: An act is right if and if only if it results in as much good as any available alternative

Rule Utilitarianism Rule Utilitarianism : An act is right if and only if it is required by a rule that is itself a member of a set of rules whose acceptance would lead to greater utility for society than any available alternative

Strengths Explained the grounds on which Utilitarianism has been attacked and the possible responses available to its defenders.

Review Questions Who were two contributors that were discussed in our presentation? What was the main point or philosophy of Utilitarianism?

Conclusion It is an important philosophy because it stood the test of time and is practiced in modern day society.