Biology Discussion Notes

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Presentation transcript:

Biology Discussion Notes Tuesday 11/18/2014

Goals for the Day Learn the basic functions of Eukaryotic cell organelles Be able to separate organelles as belonging to plant cells, animal cells, or both. Be able to separate organelles as belonging to Prokaryotes or Eukaryotes

Question of the Day What are 5 cell parts that ALL cells contain?

Common Features of Cells ALL Cells (Prokaryotes & Eukaryotes) share common structural features, including: Cell membrane-an outer boundary of the cell Cytoplasm-interior substance of the cell Cytoskeleton-structural support for the cell DNA –form of genetic material Ribosomes- cellular structures that make proteins

Species of the day 11/17 Olive Baboon Papio anubis Is this baboon a prokaryote or a eukaryote? What cell parts do you know it has? http://animals.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/baboon/#

EUKARYOTIC Cell Organelles Membrane-bound Organelles Organs for cells Nucleus Controls all cell activities Contains DNA

Eukaryotic Cells

Nucleus of a Cell

The Nucleus, continued

ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM (ER) Rough ER has ribosomes makes/transports proteins Smooth ER makes/transports lipids

Endoplasmic Reticulum The ER moves proteins and other substances within eukaryotic cells.

Golgi bodies Golgi bodies Storage and Packaging The UPS of the cell

Lysosome Lysosomes- small, spherical organelles that contain the cell’s digestive enzymes Function: Digestion & Recycling (The garbage man of the cell)

Structures of Plant Cells What 2 structures (cell organelles) did we learn about last unit that PLANT cells contain buy animal cells do not?

Structures of Plant Cells Plants have three unique structures that are not found in animal cells: Cell Wall Chloroplasts Central Vacuole

Structures of Plant Cells Cell Wall –surrounds the cell membrane of plant cells, and is made of proteins and carbohydrates. Functions of the Cell Wall: protects the cell from damage connects the cell with adjacent cells helps support and maintain the shape of the cell

Are plants the only organisms with a cell wall?

Structures of Plant Cells Central Vacuole: Most of a plant cell’s volume is taken up by the central vacuole. Functions: stores water, nutrients, and wastes

Structures of Plant Cells Central Vacuole: Takes over the function of the Lysosome, which is not found in plant cells!!! Why might plants want to retain toxins and wastes inside the cell???

Correct this statement Chloroplasts convert light energy into USABLE energy CHEMICAL not usable yet! That process is done by cell respiration

Mitochondria Mitochondria (Powerhouse of the cell) Convert sugar into usable energy (______) Where in your body would you need a lot of mitochondria?

Mitochondria, continued Mitochondria have an inner and an outer membrane.

Mitochondria & Chloroplasts Unique features of the mitochondria & chloroplast: Both are energy-related organelles Have two membranes Have their own DNA Reproduce separately from the cell

Cell Wall & Cell Membrane If bacteria, plants, & fungi have cell walls, do they have a cell membrane? Explain.

Organizing Organelles

Species of the day 11/18 Ocean Sunfish Mola mola http://animals.nationalgeographic.com/animals/fish/mola/

Species of the day 11/18 Ocean Sunfish Mola mola http://animals.nationalgeographic.com/animals/fish/mola/ http://www.samuseum.sa.gov.au/research/biological-sciences/parasites http://themarinedetective.com/tag/mola-mola/

Species of the day 11/18 Ocean Sunfish Mola mola http://animals.nationalgeographic.com/animals/fish/mola/

Species of the day 11/18 Ocean Sunfish Mola mola http://animals.nationalgeographic.com/animals/fish/mola/

Species of the day 11/21 Ocean Sunfish Mola mola What cells parts does this ocean sunfish have? Name as many as you can.