Tim Hull Environmental Pedology Description & Interpretation of Two Soils In Lake and Orange Counties, Florida Tim Hull Environmental Pedology

Soil No. 1 - Lake County, FL Sub-Tropical Climate Average Annual Rainfall ≈ 51” Average Temperature Month High Low January 74 50 July 90 72

Soil No. 1 Landscape Position: Knoll on marine terrace Mt. Dora, Lake County, FL Soil No. 1 Landscape Position: Knoll on marine terrace

Soil No. 1 Elevation ≈ 125’ Contour Elevations Contour elevations indicate knolls

Soil No. 1 - Soil Survey Soil No. 1 Mapped as an Arent Sample has horizon development Imprecision due to scale Map Unit Nos. 8 Map Unit No. Map Unit Name 8 Candler sand, 0 to 5 percent slopes 9 Candler sand, 5 to 12 percent slopes 17 Arents 9 NRCS Web Soil Survey maps this spot as 17 – Arents (Arents do not have diagnostic horizons because they have been deeply mixed by plowing, spading, or other methods of moving by humans. Although the S, W, and E sides of the hill were disturbed, the N side was relatively undisturbed (railroad and Perkins sign aside). As we’ll see later, the profile had developed horizons, which led me to believe this soil is not an Arent (possibly part of the map unit 9 – Candler Sand, 5% to 12% slopes (measured slope was 9%) adjacent to the N.) The imprecision of the map unit boundaries is related to problems of scale when creating the soil maps. 17 Soil No. 1

Profile Description: Ap--0-20 cm; brown (10YR 5/3) sand; single grained; loose; many fine roots; abrupt wavy boundary. E--20-32 cm; very pale brown (10YR 7/4) sand; single grained; loose; many fine roots; clear wavy boundary. Bt1--32-98 cm; red (2.5YR 5/8) sandy loam; moderate subangular blocky structure; friable; few fine roots; gradual wavy boundary. Bt2--98-163 cm; red (2.5YR 5/8) sandy loam; moderate subangular blocky structure; friable; common prominent white (10YR 8/1) and yellow (10YR 8/8) areas of depletion; gradual wavy boundary. Bt3--163-224+ cm; white (2.5Y 8/1) loam; strong subangular blocky structure; very friable; many red (2.5YR 5/8) areas of iron accumulation.

Ap Ap E E E Bt1 Bt1

Bt1 Bt2 Bt2 Bt3

Relict redox (ped from Bt3)

Soil No. 2 - Seminole County, FL Sub-Tropical Climate Average Annual Rainfall ≈ 51” Average Temperature Month High Low January 72 50 July 92

Soil No. 2 Seminole County, FL Landscape Position: Floodplain (Econlockhatchee River)

Soil No. 2 Elevation ≈ 10’ Contour Elevations 25 Contour elevations indicate knolls 25 Contour Elevations

Soil No. 2 - Soil Survey Soil No. 2 Profile characteristics don’t match characteristics of major map unit components Imprecision due to scale Map Unit Nos. 18 20 Map Unit No. Map Unit Name 11 Basinger and Smyrna fine sands, depressional 18 Malabar fine sand 20 Myakka and EauGallie fine sands 28 Pompano fine sand, occasionally flooded 29 St. Johns and EauGallie fine sands 99 Water 29 Basinger requires mucky sand component. Neither Basinger nor Smyrna descriptions mention a clay layer. 99 11 28 Soil No. 2

Profile Description: Ap--0-1 cm; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) sand; single grained; loose; many medium and coarse roots; abrupt smooth boundary. E--1-2 cm; light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) sand; single grained; loose; many fine roots, few medium and coarse roots; abrupt smooth boundary. Bh--2-22 cm; very dark gray (10YR 3/1) sand; single grained; loose; many fine roots; few dark reddish brown (2.5YR 3/3) soft masses of iron accumulation; gradual smooth boundary. BE--22-36cm; dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4) sand; single grained; loose; common fine roots; common dark red (2.5YR 3/6) soft masses of iron accumulation and common dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) areas of depletion; gradual wavy boundary. E1--36-50cm; brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) sand; single grained; loose; common fine roots; few yellowish red (5YR 5/8) soft masses of iron accumulation; smooth wavy boundary. E2--50-71cm; pale yellow (2.5Y 7/3) sand; single grained; loose; few fine roots; many yellowish red (5YR 5/8) soft masses and pore linings of iron accumulation; abrupt wavy boundary. Bt--71-81cm; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) sand; single grained; loose; few yellowish red (5YR 5/8) soft masses and pore linings of iron accumulation; many yellowish brown (10YR 5/6) areas of depletion; gradual wavy boundary. Bt/Btg--81-104cm; dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) sand; single grained; loose; common prominent very coarse gray (5YR 5/1) and many prominent coarse pale yellow (2.5Y 7/3) areas of depletion; gradual wavy boundary. Btg--104-124+ cm; reddish gray (2.5YR 5/1) clay; moderate subangular blocky structure; very friable; many yellowish red (5YR 5/8) soft masses and pore linings of iron accumulation; few prominent very coarse pale brown (10YR 6/3) areas of depletion.

Ap E Bh

E Bh

Bh BE E1

BE Closeup E1

BE E1 Depleted Matrix E2

E1 Redox as soft masses E2 Bt

Homogenous zones of Btg in Bt matrix Redox as soft masses Bt Bt/Btg Homogenous zones of Btg in Bt matrix

Homogenous zones of Btg in Bt matrix Bt/Btg Btg had higher chroma than appears in photo!!! Homogenous zones of Btg in Bt matrix Btg

Gray colors due to reduction of Fe and anaerobic conditions Bt/Btg Gray colors due to reduction of Fe and anaerobic conditions Depletions Btg Would meet def. of Depleted Matrix Redox as soft masses

Redox Con. As Pore Linings (from Btg)

Comparison of Soil Forming Factors Soil No.1 Soil No.2 Parent Material Alluvium Climate Organisms No worms Some worms Topography 6-12% 2-6% Time

Soil Properties Soil Property Soil No. 1 Soil No. 2 Infiltration Rate High Available Water Capacity Moderate Low Hydraulic Conductivity Depth to SHWT >150cm <25cm

Site Characteristics Characteristic Soil No.1 Soil No.2 Position of Site Upland Floodplain Parent Material Alluvium Slope 6-12% 2-6% Surface Runoff Medium Erosion Potential Low

Ultisol (assuming <35% BS) Soil Classification Classification Soil No.1 Soil No.2 Epipedon Ochric Subsurface Horizon Argillic Spodic Order Ultisol (assuming <35% BS) Spodosol

Soil Interpretations Soil Interpretation Soil No.1 Soil No.2 Dwellings Without Basements Slight Moderate Septic Tank Absorption Fields Local Roads & Streets

Questions?