ENERGY & LIFE

Remember from BIO 1 _____________ can make their own food using energy from sunlight. Ex: Green plants, a few bacteria AUTOTROPHS

Remember from BIO 1 __________________ get energy by consuming other organisms Ex: Animals, fungi, most bacteria HETEROTROPHS

Images: WHAT DO CELLS USE ENERGY FOR ? ACTIVE TRANSPORT Na+ - K + PUMP Endocytosis Exocytosis Animation from: Remember from BIO 1

WHAT DO CELLS USE ENERGY FOR ? Movement Synthesis of macromolecules Reproduction Meiosis: Cilia: Replication: Transcription: Translation:

ATP Image by: Riedell Remember from BIO 1 ONE SPECIAL KIND of NUCLEOTIDE is used by cells to store and transport ENERGY

CELLS USE ATP TO STORE and RELEASE ENERGY ATP = __________________________ Adenosine triphosphate ____ PHOSPHATE GROUPS 3

ATP can change into ADP ADP = __________________________ Adenosine diphosphate ____ PHOSPHATE GROUPS 2

ATP → ____ + ____ + ATP releases energy stored in a high energy chemical bond by removing the phosphate and becoming ADP ADP

ADP + ___ + ________ → ___ The energy to do this comes from ____________ like _____________ Cells ________ energy by adding the phosphate back on to ADP to make ATP. ATP It’s like recharging the battery ! STORE FOODSGLUCOSE

Watch a video clip about ATP FORMATION !

ATP is useful BUT... ATP is great for TRANSFERRING ENERGY, but _____ good for storing ________ amounts of energy for the ______________. A single molecule of GLUCOSE stores more than _________the chemical energy. Cells only keep enough ATP around to last a few seconds and recharge it by burning___________. NOTLARGE LONG TERM 90 times glucose

Let’s Review!

Fill in the type of organism under each picture in your notes. ________________________ _____________________ ________________ ______________ _________________

Raise your hand when you know….. The name of the energy molecule in the cells of all living things. How many phosphate groups ATP has What charge do the phosphate groups have? Where in this molecule is the most energy and how is it released?

Exit Work Prompt: How is ATP like a rechargeable battery?

Example: GLUCOSE C 6 H 12 O 6 Image from: Remember from last semester…. CARBOHYDRATES contain Carbon, Hydrogen, & Oxygen (with a ratio of 1 C: 2 H: 1 O)

MONOSACCHARIDES Single sugar molecules C 6 H 12 O

CARBOHYDRATES SUPPLY ENERGY Images from: Cells burn GLUCOSE for their energy needs Remember from last semester…

Starch Glucose Section 2-3 Remember from Last semester…

Molecules made by joining MANY sugar molecules together are called ___________________ POLYSACCHARIDES EXAMPLES: Image from:

GLYCOGEN is the way _________ cells store GLUCOSE to use later. Image from: ANIMAL CARBOHYDRATES SUPPLY ENERGY

STARCH is the way _______ cells store GLUCOSE for later. Images from: PLANT CARBOHYDRATES SUPPLY ENERGY