Chapter 8 Work, Power and Energy.

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 8 Work, Power and Energy

Work- applying a force over a distance; must be in the same direction Work=Force x Distance W=Fd Unit=Joule=Nm=kgm2/s2

Power-rate of doing work Power=Work/Time P=W/t Power=Force x Distance/Time Unit=Watt

Energy- ability to do work Mechanical Energy- energy due to motion or position of an object Kinetic Energy- energy of a moving object Kinetic Energy=1/2 mass x velocity2 KE=1/5mv2 Potential Energy- stored energy Potential Energy=mass x height x acceleration due to gravity PE=mgh

Law of Conservation of Energy- energy cannot be created or destroyed, but can be transformed from one form to another

Machines- devices used to multiply forces or simply to change direction of forces Simple Machines: Incline Planes Levers Screw Pulley Wedge Wheel and Axle

Review Questions 1. A constant force of 20.0 N applied to an object causes it to move at a constant speed of 4.0 m/s. How much work is done on the object in 6.0 s?

A 10.0 kg object and a 5.0 kg object are released simultaneously from a height of 50.0 m above the ground. After falling freely for 2.0 s, the objects have different: -accelerations -velocities -kinetic energies -displacements

If 1375 J of work is done on a mass of 20 If 1375 J of work is done on a mass of 20.0 kg, it can be raised ________ m.

Work is not done when you -pick up a box and place it on your shoulder -support the box on your shoulder -carry the box a distance of 15 m -put the box on a shelf

A person raises a 2. 0 kg mass from the floor to 1 A person raises a 2.0 kg mass from the floor to 1.5 m above the floor in 5.0 s. If the person performs the same task again in 10.0 s instead of 5.0 s, what has changed? -the amount of work done -the total amount of energy involved -the gravitational potential energy involved -the height -the power

6. A 1. 0 kg pendulum is released from a height of 3 6. A 1.0 kg pendulum is released from a height of 3.2 m vertically from a reference level. Its potential energy is _____.

7. A 5 kg cart is traveling at 12 m/s. What is its kinetic energy?

8. Name 6 simple machines.

9. Who is Rube Goldberg?

10. Compare and Contrast Kinetic and Potential Energy.

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