Essential Question: What caused the slave trade and what impact did it have on history?

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Moors Moorish Conquest & Control of Spain & Portugal Trade between Northern Africa & Europe Use of Slaves in Iberian Peninsula

Portuguese Slave Trade Portugal explored West Coast of Africa Established commercial trading post on Islands off coast of Africa--these will become Holding Factories Goree Island

Slave Wars Dutch, British & French compete with Portuguese for control of slave trade. African Ethnic Groups begin wars to conquer territory & enslave enemies.

Bight of Benin between about 1 million people were captured along the Bight of Benin

Goree Island Off Coast of Senegal slave port for 300 years exported over 10% of all slaves taken to the Americas 17 battles fought to control Goree

In the Fortress Slaves were branded manacled to the walls fed on bread & water held for 2 weeks to 2 months

Middle Passage million slaves survive the journey to the Americas no one knows how many died being captured & transported- -60 million?

Slave warehouses Once slaves reached Caribbean they were sold to plantations or held in warehouses to be shipped to North or South America

Where were they sent? 33% 5% 7% 12% 20% 22%

In South America Coffee, tobacco, & sugar plantations mining for gold, silver & gem

In Caribbean Sugar Plantations Europe’s craving for sugar was the # 1 reason for the transatlantic slave trade

Slave Revolts

Revolts on board ships 240 known slave revolts that took place during the Middle Passage Amistad revolt in July of 1839 was one of few successful revolts Portrait of Cinque

Slave revolts in colonies 250 recorded incidents of slave rebellions in the Americas Stono Rebellion in South Carolina, 1739 Haiti, 1793

Abolition Movement

Olaudah Equiano His autobiography inspired others to start abolition movement

English Abolitionism Lead by Granville Sharp English abolished slavery in 1830 took leading role in stopping transatlantic slave trade

Brazilian Antislave Movement Led by Joaquim Nabuco & Antonio Alves Law of the Womb in 1871 Golden Law in 1888

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How was African Slave Trade Different from previous forms of Slavery? Racism Hereditary Slave were property, not people> No legal protections.

Impact of slave trade million dead suffering of the enslaved people European power & wealth increased weakened Africa, allowing Europe to conquer Continent in 19th century Diaspora