FDR 1943

Man of the Year FDR

Eleanor Roosevelt

Cordell Hull

America’s Longest Serving Secretary of State Nobel Peace Prize – 1945 “The Father of the United Nations” Cordell Hull Secretary of State

Cordell Hull 1940

Henry Morganthau Secretary of the Treasury

Morganthau 1943

Roosevelt and Morganthau

Henry Stimson Secretary of War Secretary of State Gov. Gen of the Philippines

Secretary of State under Herbert Hoover Secretary of War under Franklin D. Roosevelt and Truman. Henry Stimson

Sumner Welles Under Secretary of State

Sumner Welles and Herman Goering 1940

Fr. Charles Coughlin "The Radio Priest" 30 million weekly listeners “ Father of Hate Radio”

War Refugee Board Meeting, 21 March 1944 Hull, Morganthau and Stimson

Coughlin

Rev. Charles Coughlin 1934

Coughlin’s weekly publication

Coughlin publishes version of “The Protocols of the Elders of Zion”

Ambassador to Italy under Roosevelt Head of the Visa Section, Department of State Used his position to impede the ability of Jews and other victims of Nazi persecution to seek refuge in the United States. Breckenridge Long

Henry Stimson Secretary of War

Memo from Asst. Secretary of State Breckinridge Long, to State Department Officials June 26, 1940, “ effective ways to obstruct the granting of U.S. visas ” “We can delay and effectively stop for a temporary period of indefinite length the number of immigrants into the United States. We could do this by simply advising our consuls, to put every obstacle in the way and to require additional evidence and to resort to various administrative devices which would postpone and postpone and postpone the granting of the visas.”

Robert Borden Reams US State Department handled “Jewish Questions” for Breckenridge Long

Wilbur Carr US Minister to Prague 1937 “Father of the US Foreign Service”

George Messersmith Asst Secretary of State US Consul Germany and Austria

George Messersmith 1946

Josiah DuBois Asst. Secretary of the Treasury Gen. Counsel War Refugee Board

McCloy spent most of his time working on issues involving postwar Germany. John McCloy Asst Secretary of War

Morganthau

Gerhart Riegner World Jewish Congress Representative in Switzerland Sends “Riegner Cable” to Rabbi Stephen Wise

Rabbi Stephen Wise

Reigner Cable August 28, 1942 “in Fuehrer's headquarters plan under consideration to exterminate at one blow this fall three and half to four millions Jews following deportation from countries occupied, controlled by Germany” from Gerhard Reigner in Switzerland to Rabbi Stephen Wise

RECEIVED ALARMING REPORT THAT IN FUHRER'S HEADQUARTERS PLAN DESCUSSED AND UNDER CONSIDERATION ACCORDING TO WHICH ALL JEWS IN COUNTRIES OCCUPIED OR CONTROLLED GERMANY NUMBERING 3½ FOUR MILLION SHOULD AFTER DEPORTATION AND CONCENTRATION IN EAST BE EXTERMINATED AT ONE BLOW TO RESOLVE ONCE FOR ALL THE JEWISH QUESTION IN EUROPE STOP ACTION REPORTED PLANNED FOR AUTUMN METHODS UNDER DISCUSSION INCLUDING PRUSSIC ACID STOP WE TRANSMIT INFORMATION WITH ALL NECESSARY RESERVATION AS EXACTITUDE CANNOT BE CONFIRMED STOP Riegner Telegram

Francis Perkins Secretary of Labor

Harold Ickes Secretary of the Interior

Evian International Conference on Refugees July 1938

Evian International Conference on Refugees July 1938 The American Delegate: "We are coming to try to figure out what to do for the Jews, but no nation will be asked to take any more Jews than its quota already allows."

“The Bergson Boys” led a dissident group of Zionists known in the United States as the Emergency Committee to Save the Jewish People of Europe.. Peter Bergson (Hillel Kook)

Rabbi Stephen Wise

Rabbis’ March on Washington 1943

‘We Will Never Die” Pageant in New York, 1943

“We will never die” NYC, 1943

Elmo Roper poll percent of Americans feel “Jews are “different” and require “social and economic restrictions.” Gallup poll percent of Americans “ oppose the admission of a larger number of Jewish refugees.”

Jan Karski Courier from the Polish Underground

Franklin D. Roosevelt and Henry Morgenthau Poughkeepsie, New York

Franklin D. Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin Livadia Palace in Yalta (9 FEB 1945)

1940 Washington, DC

Charles Lindbergh

Franklin D. Roosevelt and King Ibn Saud of Saudi Arabia at Great Bitter Lake in Egypt 14 Feb 1945

Franklin D. Roosevelt and King Farouk of Egypt at Great Bitter Lake in Egypt, 13 Feb 1945

Franklin D. Roosevelt, Stalin, Churchill in Teheran, Iran (11 NOV 1943)