History and Structure of the Nuclear Atom

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Atomic Theory Timeline

Advertisements

Democritus Dalton 3. JJ Thomson 4. Rutherford 5. Bohr 6. Chadwick

S3 “Atomic Structure”.

Q: What is a proton? A: A proton is a positively charged subatomic particle found IN the nucleus of an atom. Electron Proton Defining the atom: -An atom.

Atomic Structure.

Development of the Atomic Theory

Dates are included for a frame of reference..  Around 400 B.C.  Atomos => indivisible  He suggested that all substance in the universe was made up.

AIM: Models of the Atom DO NOW:

9/10/12 Atom and the History of the Atom

The Atomic Model Chem 9.

Development of our understanding of the atom. Early Models Democritus was first to suggest atom in 4 th century B.C. Believed matter was made of tiny.

History of Atomic Structure

Chapter 3 The History of the Atom. I. The Scientists and their Discoveries A.Democritus 1. Date = 400 B.C 2. Discovery = Theorized the smallest unit of.

Atomic Models. Democritus This is the Greek philosopher Democritus who began the search for a description of matter more than 2400 years ago. He asked:

Chapter 4: Atomic Structure

Atomic Structure History and Theories. The Greeks 4 th century B.C. Democritus “Atomists” school of thought Matter is composed of tiny indivisible particles.

Chapter 4: Atomic Structure

NOTES – Introduction to Atomic Theory ( )

1 This is Jeopardy Atomic Theory 2 Category No. 1 Category No. 2 Category No. 3 Category No. 4 Category No Final Jeopardy.

Discovery of the Atom. Democritus  Democritus was an ancient Greek who had a philosophical idea of an atom.  His approach was not based on the scientific.

Section 1- Discovering the parts of the atom

HISTORY OF THE ATOM. Aristotle 400 BC 400 BC - Claimed that there was no smallest part of matter - Claimed that there was no smallest part of matter -

What is an atom??? An atom is the smallest particle of an element that retains its identity in a chemical reaction.

Atomic Theory 15,000 kilotons.  Dismissed idea of the atom. Early Greeks Two schools of thought:  Matter is made of indestructible particles called.

Atomic Model History.

The Chemical Behavior of Atoms Day 1. Curriculum  Big Idea: Atomic theory is the foundation for the study of chemistry.  Concept: Energy is absorbed.

Introduction to Atoms Chapter 14 Section 1. History of Atom All atoms share the same basic structure All atoms share the same basic structure During past.

CHAPTER 4 ATOMIC STRUCTURE.  Define Democritus’s ideas about atoms  Explain Dalton’s Atomic Theory  Identify what instrument is used to observe individual.

Chapter 4 – Atomic Structure

The Development of the Atomic Theory. Dalton’s Atomic Theory founder of the atomic theory atoms in Greek means indivisible, indestructible 1.All matter.

Development of Atomic Theory Ancient Times | Dalton's Postulates | Thomson's Discovery of Electron Properties | Rutherford's Nuclear Atom | Bohr's Nuclear.

HISTORY OF THE ATOM MODERN THEORIES OF ATOMIC STRUCTURE.

History of Atomic Theory from Democritus to Rutherford

Solid, homogeneous, indestructible and indivisible (400 BC)

Do Now: 1.On the blank side of an index card, draw a picture of an atom. 2.On the other side of the index card, write down things that you know about atoms.

The Atomic Theory Democritus Dalton 440 B.C. – Thought matter was made of tiny particles – Believed these particles could not be cut into anything smaller.

O We use models to help us understand things that are too: BIG small Fast s l o w or complicated to see in “real life”

History of the Atomic Model How the model of the atom has changed or evolved over time.

Brief History of Atomic Theory. 1 st atomic models In 400 BC, the model looked like a solid indivisible ball In 400 BC, the model looked like a solid.

ATOMS!. Early models of the atom The existence of the atom was first proposed by Democritus of Abdera who lived in Greece during the 4th century B.C.

Atomic Theory and Structure of the Atom. first to suggest the existence of atoms believed atoms were small indivisible particles Atom: smallest particle.

Small individual particles that make up matter. This includes gases.

+ ATOMIC THEORY. + Democritus Atom He was said to be the first step toward the current atomic theory. Hypothesized all matter is composed of tiny particles.

Scientists The atom. Democritus BC- Greek philosopher - No experimenting -Matter made up of indivisible particles = “atomos”

Atomic Structure CHAPTER 4. Defining the Atom ✴ An atom is the smallest particle of an element that still has the chemical properties of that element.

Class Notes: Atomic Models. Democritus= 400 B.C. – said the world was made of two things: empty space and tiny particles called “atoms” --said atoms were.

Atoms CHAPTER 4 1. Let’s Review! o Matter is… o Anything that has mass and takes up space o All matter is made of elements – substances that cannot be.

Models of Atom 1) The concept of atom was born in Greece about 450 BC 2) Democritus, Greek scientist proposed that matter and motion are discontinuous.

Evolution of the Atomic Theory. Greek Philosophy (400 BC) Democritus “All matter is made of atoms” Philosophy is knowledge gained only by observation.

DEVELOPMENT OF THE ATOMIC THEORY Atom- smallest particle into which an element can be divided and still be the same substance Called the building blocks.

Matter, Elements, & Atomic Structure. Matter  Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space.  Ex: buildings, a fork, air, your clothes, etc… 

History of the Atom SWBAT #1: Describe the development of the model of the atom through history SWBAT #2: Identify the main components of the nuclear atom.

What is an atom? Try to come up with your own definition. Now turn to your partner and discuss.

Aim: Models of the Atom.

Chapter 4 The Structure of the Atom

WUP#10 Draw a model of an atom.

Matter Unit Structure of an Atom.

1.3 History of the Atom Objectives 3:a,c,d; 5

Evolution of the atomic model

Models of the Atom.

Unit 2: History of the Atom

2.1 History of the Atom Objectives S1 and S2

4.1 & 4.2 Early Theories & Subatomic Particles

Chapter 4 Atoms.

Chapter 4 Atoms.

Atomic Structure.

Presentation transcript:

History and Structure of the Nuclear Atom

The Atom smallest particle of an element that retains all properties of the element.

I. Early Models of the Atom Democritus (460 B.C. – 370 B.C) first to suggest the existence of atoms believed atoms were indivisible and indestructible

Name of theory Billard Ball Model B. Dalton Atoms of the same element are identical Each element is unique Atoms combine in fixed ratios to form compounds Name of theory Billard Ball Model

C. J.J. Thomson Name of theory Plum Pudding Model Discovered electron Suggested atom looked like plum pudding (or a blueberry muffin or chocolate chip cookie) with electrons evenly distributed throughout positive sphere Name of theory Plum Pudding Model

D. Rutherford Conducted gold foil experiment

What did Rutherford expect? Gold Foil Experiment Animation and Discussion

What did Rutherford actually see?

D. Rutherford Name of theory Nuclear atom Conducted gold foil experiment Proposed atom is mostly empty space Concluded all positive charge and mass is concentrated in small region called nucleus Name of theory Nuclear atom

D. Rutherford All the positive charge and all the mass of the atoms was concentrated in a small region called the nucleus “This is almost as incredible as if you fired a 15-inch shell at a piece of tissue paper and it came back and hit you.” – Rutherford, 1938

E. Bohr depicts the atom as a small, positively charged nucleus surrounded by electrons that travel in circular orbits around the nucleus Name of theory Planetary Model

Quantum Mechanical Model or Electron Cloud Model F. Schrödinger model allowed the electron to occupy three-dimensional space like an electron “cloud” Used a mathematical equation to show a model of electrons as waves Name of theory Quantum Mechanical Model or Electron Cloud Model

II. More about the Atom A. Size Teeny tiny observable with instruments such as a scanning tunneling microscope.

B. Parts (called Subatomic Particles) Protons: p+ charge = positive +1 mass =1 Electrons: e- charge = negative -1 mass ~0 Neutrons: no - charge = zero - mass = 1

C. Location of Parts Nucleus: center of atom Outside nucleus: contains protons and neutrons has a positive charge contains almost ALL of the mass of the atom Outside nucleus: Contains electrons Has a negative charge Occupies almost ALL of the volume of the atom

D. Atomic Charge Atoms are NEUTRAL # of protons = # of electrons (ALWAYS if you’re talking about an ATOM)

Fun Facts The volume of a hydrogen nucleus is a trillion times smaller than the volume of a hydrogen atom, yet the nucleus contains most of the mass. If the nucleus (proton) of a hydrogen atom were as large as the width of a human thumb, the electron would be on the average about one kilometer away in a great expanse of empty space.