Periodic Table Study Guide Determining Shells and Valence Electrons

Periods Groups Each row is called a “period” Each column is called a “group” The elements in each period have the same number of shells. Each element in a group has the same number of electrons in their outer orbital, also known as “shells”. 1st Period = 1 Shell The electrons in the outer shell are called “valence electrons” 2nd Period = 2 Shells 3rd Period = 3 Shells Group 8 = 8 electrons 4th Period = 4 Shells Group 1 = 1 electron Group 2 = 2 electrons

Carbon - C Transition Metals Determine the number of shells and the number of valence electrons for: Transition Metals have slightly different rules for shells and valence electrons. Carbon - C This is something you will learn about in High School Chemistry. 2nd Period = 2 shells 4th Group = 4 valence electrons www.chem4kids.com

Ne K Name the element. _____________________ Number of shells ?______________________ Valence electrons ?_____________________ Draw an atom of the element below, showing the nucleus, protons, neutrons, orbitals (shells) and electrons. Name the element. _____________________ Number of shells ?______________________ Valence electrons ?______________________ Draw an atom of the element below, showing the nucleus, protons, neutrons, orbitals (shells) and electrons.