Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 1

Outline Introduction Anatomy and Physiology Characteristics of life Maintenance of Life Levels of organization

Introduction Renaissance – birth or new beginning 1300’s – 1500’s Abiogenesis – Birth without life Redi

Anatomy The study of the parts and structures of the body

Physiology The study of the functions of the parts and structures of the body

Characteristics of life Movement Responsiveness Growth Reproduction Respiration Digestion Absorption Circulation Assimilation excretion

metabolism All the reactions in the body

Maintenance of Life Requirement of organisms 1. water 2. foods 3. oxygen 4. heat 5. pressure

homeostasis Steady state Regulation of the body to maintain a constant in environment.

Levels of organization Atoms – electrons, protons, neutrons Elements – Au, H, Ag, Ar, N, He, Molecules – O2, N2, H2, Compounds – H2O, C6H12O6, CO2, Macromolecule Organelles – mitochondria, chloroplast, ER, ribosomes Cell – RBC, WBC, neuron, osteocyte Tissue – group of cells with similar structures and fx ex. Skin, hair, cornea, bone Organs- group of tissues with similar structures and fx ex. Brain, heart, lung, kidney, liver, stomach Systems organisms

Systems Integumentary – skin, hair, nail Skeletal – femur, tibia, rib Muscular – bicep brachii, pectorialis minor, hamstring Nervous – brain, eye, spinal cord Digestion – stomach, esophagus, colon Circulation – vein, heart, artery Respiratory – lungs, diaphragm, bronchi Urinary – kidney, ureter, urinary bladder Lymphatic – lymph nodes, spleen, lymph Endocrine – hormones, thyroid, estrogen Reproduction – testes, ovary, oocyte, spermatazoa

Rest of Chapter 1 later