SCIENCE THE STUDY OF LIVING THINGS!

GROWTH VS DEVELOPMENT Growth is the process by which an organism becomes larger. Development is the process of change that causes an organism to become more complex during its lifetime.

SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY: Is the diverse ways in which scientists study the natural world and propose explanations based on evidence they gather. (Text page 18)

THE SIX MAJOR STAGES OF THE SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY: Ask a question Do background research Construct a hypothesis Test your hypothesis by doing an experiment Analyze your data and draw a conclusion Communicate your results

SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY Scientific inquiry often begins with a problem or question about an observation. Questions that are posed can be answered through an investigation. (Text page 19)

OBSERVING A person uses one or more of their five senses (sight, hearing, taste, touch, and smell) in a scientific inquiry to gather information. It is called observing. (Text page 7)

QUALITATIVE VS QUANTITATIVE Quantitative observations deal with a number or amount. (example: Eight in you inbox.) Qualitative observations deal with descriptions that cannot be expressed in numbers. (example: A grape tastes sour.) (Text page 7)

DEFINE THE FOLLOWING: Predicting: The process of forecasting what will happen based on past experience or evidence. Inferring: The process of making an inference, interpretation based on observation and prior knowledge. (Inference - determine a conclusion by reasoning.) (Text pages 8-9)

DEFINITIONS Classifying is the process of grouping together items that are alike in some ways. Making models involves creating representation of complex objects and processes. Scale model accurately shows the proportions between parts. (Text page 10-11)

STRUCTURE & FUNCTION ARE COMPLEMENTARY Structure is the way that an organism is put together as a whole. Functions are the process that enable an organism to survive. The structure and function of an organism are complementary, or work together to meet the needs of the organism.

HYPOTHESIS: A possible explanation for a set of observations or answer to a scientific inquiry that must be testable. Also known as an educated prediction. (Text page 19)

KNOW THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN… Variable: A factor in an experiment that can change. Manipulated variable: The one factor that a scientist changes during an experiment; also called the independent variable. Responding variable: The factor that changes as a result to the manipulated, or independent variable in an experiment; also called the dependent variable. (Text page 20)

CONTROLLED EXPERIMENT A control is part of the experiment to which you can compare the results of the other tests. In the control, the conditions are the same except for the manipulated/independent variable. (Text page 20)

OPERATIONAL DEFINITION: A statement that describes how to measure a particular variable or how to define a particular term. (Text page 20)

DATA IS THE FACTS, FIGURES, AND OTHER EVIDENCE GATHERED THROUGH OBSERVATION. It is important to graph your data in a scientific inquiry because a graph can help you interpret data by revealing patterns and trends in the data. (Text page 21)

WHAT IS THE CONCLUSION? A conclusion is a summary of what you have learned from an experiment. In drawing your conclusion, you should ask yourself whether the data support the hypothesis. You also need to consider whether you collected enough data. After reviewing the data, you decide that the evidence supports your original hypothesis.

AFTER COMPLETING A SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY, SCIENTISTS SHARE THEIR DATA IN A NUMBER OF WAYS: Lectures at scientific meetings Publish articles in journals Internet (Text page 21)

SAFETY FIRST: Safety symbols used in a laboratory and or in printed procedures are to warn of possible dangers such as poisonous chemical or electrical shock. The symbols are to help keep us safe. In class when conducting a scientific inquiry and an accident occurs, you should tell your teacher immediately.

SAFETY FIRST: It is always good laboratory preparation to know how to use the lab equipment in a scientific inquiry.