Thursday February 21, 2013 (Oceanic Feeding Relationships)

The Launch Pad Thursday, 2/21/13 What are the three ways that life can be separated into zones in the ocean? the amount of sunlight available the distance from the shore the water depth

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Announcements I will not be available after school today.

Assignment Currently Open Summative or Formative? Date IssuedDate Due Date Into GradeSpeed Final Day Quiz 18S32/8 2/112/25 WS – Ocean Temperature and Density F152/132/15? FRIDAY Quiz 19S42/15 ?3/1 WS – Ocean LifeF162/192/20? FRIDAY WS – Marine Life Zones and Ocean Productivity F172/202/21? 3/1

Recent Events in Science Jurassic Records Warn of Risk to Marine Life from Global Warming Read All About It! htm The risk posed by global warming and rising ocean temperatures to the future health of the world's marine ecosystem has been highlighted by scientists studying fossil records. Researchers at Plymouth University believe that findings from fieldwork along the North Yorkshire coast reveal strong parallels between the Early Jurassic era of 180 million years ago and current climate predictions over the next century. Through geology and paleontology, they've shown how higher temperatures and lower oxygen levels caused drastic changes to marine communities, and that while the Jurassic seas eventually recovered from the effects of global warming, the marine ecosystems that returned were noticeably different from before.

Oceanic Feeding Relationships The main oceanic producers are marine algae (i.e. seaweed), plants, bacteria, and bacteria-like archaea (chemosynthetic). Only a small percentage of the energy taken in at any level is passed on to the next level.

Oceanic Feeding Relationships Chemical energy stored in the mass of the ocean’s algae is transferred to the animal community mostly through feeding. Each feeding stage is called a trophic level. Transfer of energy between trophic levels is very inefficient (about 2 percent.)

Ecosystem Energy Flow and Efficiency Figure 14.18

Oceanic Feeding Relationships A food chain is a sequence of organisms through which energy is transferred. A food web involves feeding on a number of different animals. Animals that feed through a food web rather than a food chain are more likely to survive.

Comparison Between a Food Chain and a Food Web Figure 14.19

Worksheet Figure Oceanic Feeding Relationships