Astronomy Unit Test Jeopardy Review Game

Gravity and the Big Bang The Sun Life Cycle of Stars Galaxies Measuring Matter Gravity and the Big Bang 100 200 300 400 500

In which layer of the Sun is energy made? ?

The Core

In order for nuclear fusion to occur, conditions must be extremely ______ and ________.

Hot and dense

Describe how the Sun makes energy.

The Sun makes energy through nuclear fusion in which hydrogen atoms combine to form helium.

Name the three layers of the Sun’s “atmosphere”.

Photosphere, chromosphere, and the corona

What are sunspots?

They are areas on the photosphere that are cooler than the rest of the photosphere, so they appear darker. They are areas of intense magnetic activity.

Stars are formed from a cloud of gas and dust called a __________.

Nebula

The type of object that a star becomes when it dies depends the star’s ________.

mass

A star spends most of its life in this stage.

Main sequence

After the super red giant phase, a very high mass star erupts in an explosion called a _________

Supernova or hypernova

Name the three objects a star might become when it dies.

Black dwarf, neutron star, black hole

Name three shapes that galaxies can have.

Elliptical, spiral, and irregular

Put these structures in order from smallest to largest: universe, star, galaxy, solar system

Star, solar system, galaxy, universe

What object is located at the center of many galaxies (including ours)?

A supermassive black hole

In what part of our galaxy is Earth located?

In one of the outer spiral arms

What is the galaxy that is closest to ours?

Andromeda

Define mass and weight.

Mass is the amount of matter in an object; weight is the amount of gravitational force pulling on an object.

Define volume.

Volume is the amount of space an object takes up.

Define density.

Density is a measure of how compact something is; it is the amount of matter within a specfic amount of space.

What is the densest known space object?

A black hole.

If a baseball has a mass of 145 g on Earth, what is its mass on the International Space Station?

145 grams

Because of the Big Bang, galaxies are doing this.

Moving away from each other

About how long ago did the Big Bang occur?

About 14 billion years ago

What two conditions are in balance to create the Earth’s orbit around the Sun?

Gravity and the inertia of the Earth’s velocity

Which of the following objects exerts a gravitational pull: Earth, the Sun, a lab table, a spider

They all do. If something has mass, it has gravity.

Name two factors that affect the gravitational pull between two objects.

The mass of each object and the distance between them.