CARBON FOOTPRINT ASSESSMENT OF BUILDINGS Elmiira Ebrahimimahin, Muneeb Abbassi, M. Umar Riaz, Farid Ullah, Ahsan Abid Kalim, Kim Ngan Dau, Guillermo Munoz MANAGEMENT OF LIFE CYCLE OF BUILDINGS

STUCTURE OF PRESENTATION 1. Intoduction 2. Process and Methods 3. Examples and Results 4. Comparision

1. INTRODUCTION CARBON FOOTPRINT

Environmental degradation is the biggest threat to future man kind. The best way to deal with this is to stop every possible emission that is harming our shared environment A carbon footprint defines the total sets of greenhouse gas emissions caused by organizations, events, products or individuals. When it is spoken about carbon footprint it means sum of all emissions of carbon dioxide, which were induced by all activities in a given time frame.

CARBON FOOTPRINT CONTRIBUTED BY BUILDINGS Buildings account for roughly one third of all greenhouse gas emissions globally. It is important to identify the sources of these emissions and understand their relations to the construction phase and essential in climate change mitigation. This presentation explains the methods available for carbon footprint assessment and relates it to all phases in the life cycle of buildings.

2. PROCESS AND METHODS STEPS AND TOOLS

LIFE-CYCLE CARBON FOOTPRINT INDICATOR Measures the CO2 emission throughout the life cycle of building. Uses: Makes the choice easy for ideal structures.Helps reduce the emissions of buildings by quantifying it.Can be used as a design goal or criteria. Helps to improve the Life-cycle efficiency, design goals and setting the service life requirement for the structures.

Production and Transport Phases Construction Phase Use, Maintenace,Repair and Operational Phases Demolition and Waste Processing and Disposal Phases Estimation Process

STANDARD MATERIAL EMISSIONS

Estimation Tool

3. EXAMPLES COUNTRIES SPECIFIC VARIATIONS

EXAMPLES AND COUNTRIES SPECIFIC VARIATIONS ENGINEERING PAVILION (AKA BUILDING 216) INNOVATION PARK DIAVILLA COUNTRY Perth, AustraliaGanjingzi District China Pori, Finland USAGE University Building Residential building, senior center GROSS AREA 4020 m m m 2 PERIOD TO BE ASSESSED 50 years

AUSTRALIA Life Cycle Assessment approach for Carbon Footprint Assessment. Mining to contruction Identification of Hotspots Critical Materials Critical Stages/Phase Use of Building Management System (BMS)

CHINA

Energy: MJ/m2 CO2 Em: kg/m2 Most of the data obtained from literature. Eco-friendly energy sources not included in the study STUDY RESULTS

EN assessment method Construction phase: estimation Use phase: refrigerants excluded Repair and refurbishment excluded Life-cycle phase CO 2 emissions (Metric tons) A1-A3Product phase741 A4-A5Construction phase62 ATotal before use phase803 B1B1 Use-41 B2B2 Maintenance23 B3B3 Repair– B4B4 Replacement50 B5B5 Refurbishment– B6B6 Operational energy use4 610 B7B7 Operational water use90 BB Total, use phase4 730 C1-C4C1-C4 Total, end-of-life phase64 A-CA-C Total, life-cycle5 600 DD Benefits and loads beyond the system boundary -243 FINLAND

COMPARISON BETWEEN COUNTRY SPECIFIC REGULATIONS AND APPROACHES

DiaVilla Engineering Pavilion (aka Building 216) Innovation Park PROCEDURE 1.Product phase 2.Construction phase 3.Use 4.Maintenance 5.Replacement 6.Operational energy/ water use 1.Supply of Construction materials stage 2.Construction stage 3.Usage stage 1.Building material production 2.Building construction 3.Building operation 4.Building demolition METHOD Not applicable Investigation and obtain of the inventory Steps in the assessment: (i)calculation of total gases produced; and (ii)calculation of CO 2 -equivalent. Collecting data from site measurements literature Using different parameter values and sources to calculate TOOL Not applicable  Computer software  Database Literature TOTAL OUTCOME tonnes of CO 2 -e tonnes of CO 2 -e tonnes of CO 2 -e EMISSIONS OF 1 M kg/ m kg/ m kg/ m 2 SIMILARITIES Operation stage – Concrete materials Comparison between Countries and Approaches

CONCLUSION Carbon footprint Indicator can be quantified in many ways following many standards. For better accuracy, calculation of all materials, processes and phases involved (Whole life cycle) shall be considered. Quantification can help reduce the overall emissions from construction industry and is a positive step toward saving the degrading environment.