IMBER within IGBP II P. Monfray Prepared for IGST, November 2005, Exeter

OCEAN IGBP II

IPO in Brest, open October 2005

Goal “to investigate the sensitivity of marine biogeochemical cycles and ecosystems to global change, on time scales ranging from years to decades”

Theme 1. Interactions between biogeochemical cycles and marine food webs. What are the key marine biogeochemical cycles, ecosystem processes, and their interactions, that will be impacted by global Change? Transformation of organic matter in marine food webs Transfers of matter across ocean interfaces End-to-end food webs and material flows

Theme 2. Sensitivity to Global Change What are the responses of key marine biogeochemical cycles, ecosystems and their interactions with global change? Impacts of climate-induced changes through physical forcing and variability. Effects of increasing anthropogenic CO2 and changing pH on marine biogeochemical cycles and their interactions. Effects of changing supplies of macro- and micronutrients Impacts of harvesting on end-to-end food webs and biogeochemical cycles.

Theme 3. Feedbacks to the Earth System What is the role of ocean biogeochemistry and ecosystems in regulating climate? Oceanic storage of anthropogenic CO2 Ecosystem feedback on ocean physics and climate

Theme 4: Responses of Society What are the relationships between marine biogeochemical cycles, ecosystems, and the human system?

IMBER National Activities Canada, Chile, Germany, France, India, Japan, New Zealand, Netherlands, South Africa, UK, USA, Finland China has newly funded five year programme Euro Oceans, CarbOcean Regional Activities –ICCED, Southern Ocean –OECOS, SubArctic Pacific

Planned Activities 2005 –Carbon Working Group Meeting, joint IMBER/SOLAS –End to end food webs Working Group Meeting, joint IMBER/GLOBEC –Executive meeting jointly with GLOBEC Executive Committee 2006 –Human Dimensions Working Group Meeting –Continental Margins OSC 2007 –Theme 2 Issue 2 (Nutrients) OSC –Theme 2 Issue 1 (Physical drivers) OSC –ICCED OSC 2008 –IMBER Open Science Conference

GODAE-interest/need for IMBER Ocean state: –Reanalysis starting from availability altimetry data (1992) for climate studies –Nowcast and forecast analysis for campaign optimization Region of interest: –Basin scale at high resolution both for vertical and horizontal –Towards coastal areas for cross slope exchanges Assimilation issues: –methods that limit spurious diapycnal fluxes below the mixed layer by advanced assimilation schemes of physical observations –integrate gradually biogeochemical observations to constrain jointly physics and biogeochemistry Observations issues: –Include biogeochemical sensors (O2, pCO2, nutrients, optics,...) within ARGO and GLIDER. Include biogeochemical modules within GODAE system –Realtime or forecast of biogeochemical state for evaluation and campaign optimization –Online coupling for bio-feedbacks on physics

Towards real-time integration of marine biology in operational oceanography Some issues rise by the MERCATOR/BIONUTS group P. Gaspar, J. Stum (CLS, Toulouse) E. Greiner, L.Nouel, E. Dombrowsky (MERCATOR OCEAN, Toulouse) A. El Moussaoui, P. Monfray (LEGOS, Toulouse) O. Aumont, M. Lévy, A.S. Kremeur (LOCEAN, Brest & Paris) S. Alvain, L.Bopp, C. Moulin, J. Orr (LSCE, Gif) L. Berline, J.M. Brankart, P. Brasseur, Y. Ourmières, J.Verron (LEGI, Grenoble)

July 1998 Chlorophyll using MERCATOR SeaWIFS LOBSTER PISCES P3ZD 2° to 1/3° resolution Add SSH assimilation Add N regeneration Add Fe from margins SeaWIFS 98-02

SeaWiFS with SLA and SST ass. + IAU July 1998 P3ZD/NATL3 SEEK assimilation with IAU (Incremental Analysis Update) w/o assimilation Berline et al., 2004

Preliminary results using MERCATOR re-analysis (MERA-11) in 2006: realtime demo prototype with evaluation by ocean color beyond: global 1/4°, atl 1/15°

Biogeochemistry: 3 challenges for GODAE 1- Do assimilation schemes of physical variables respect constrains for marine biology ? - Actually NO 2- Do marine biogeochemical first guesses are enough robust ? - NO but quality increased 3- How assimilate information from sea color to jointly improve physics and biology ? - Require to solve first 1 & 2

Physical (Re)Analysis Offline Biogeochemistry Biogeochemical Observations Diagnostics Biogeochemical Codes Assimilation Schemes Towards a “virtuous loop” ? Products: PP, fCO2, O2, turbidity … Users: Research, Carbon/Kyoto, Marine Resources Towards nowcast & hindcat

A joint workshop on “Biogeochemistry issues within operational oceanography” ? Gain benefit on existing experiences made by teams associated with GODAE systems* Define a joint Vision for future activities Schedule in 2006/07 ? –Joint with IMBER OSC on physical drivers ? –Next GODAE Symposium ? * MERCATOR/BIONUTS, NCOF/HADOCC-ERSEM, BLUElink, ECCO, HYCOM, …

IMBER IPO Brest, France Funded three years by CNRS, IRD, University of Brittany, Region of Brittany Official opening October 25th, 2005 Executive Officer is Sylvie Roy Deputy Executive Officer Sophie Beauvais Administrative Assistant is Elena Fily

IMBER Science Plan Vision “to provide a comprehensive understanding of and accurate predictive capacity for, ocean responses to accelerating global change and the consequent effects on the Earth System and human society”

Cross-slope exchange issue