SFA Establishes a Colony Main Idea: SFA faced challenges while establishing his colony in Texas.

Spain (until 1821) and Mexico United States

Let’s Recall Prior Knowledge What were the purposes or motives of the Spanish and the Americans concerning Texas? Why was Texas so valuable? Why was it not? Who began the American colonization movement to Texas?

I.MOSES AUSTIN A.1819: A DEPRESSION (a time in which businesses suffer and people lose jobs) hit U.S. and Moses lost his fortune; he sought to regain it in TEXAS B.He paved the way for ANGLO colonization of Texas

Famous Guys Named “Moses”

I.MOSES AUSTIN C.1820: Moses came to TX with his slave RICHMOND to get permission from Spain to bring in 300 families D.At first, Governor MARTINEZ refuses; he did not trust Austin…he thought Austin wanted to take over TX

I.MOSES AUSTIN E.Baron de BASTROP was a Dutch nobleman and old friend of both men. He talks to the governor and convinces him to allow Austin to bring in 300 families to settle TX.

What is “Dutch”?

BASTROP, TEXAS

II.STEPHEN F. AUSTIN (SFA) A.Moses Austin suddenly DIES of pneumonia; his SON SFA fulfills his father’s dream of settling TEXAS B.He was very SMART. He had been a businessman, legislator, judge, lawyer, and journalist. C.Where have we seen that name “Austin”?

II.STEPHEN F. AUSTIN (SFA) C.He was also a man of strength and CHARACTER. DISCUSS: – What is character? – What does it mean to have good character? – Who do you know that has it? – Some famous quotes…

Character is what you do when no one is watching you. –anonymous Watch your thoughts; they become words. Watch your words; they become actions. Watch your actions; they become habits. Watch your habits; they become character. Watch your character; it becomes your destiny. –anonymous I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin, but by the content of their character. – Martin Luther King, Jr.

Most people say that is it is the intellect which makes a great scientist. They are wrong: it is character. –Albert Einstein Be more concerned with your character than your reputation, because your character is what you really are, while your reputation is merely what others think you are. – John Wooden Character is like a tree and reputation like a shadow. The shadow is what we think of it; the tree is the real thing. –Abraham Lincoln

II.STEPHEN F. AUSTIN (SFA) D.Erasmo SEGUIN of San Antonio leads him to Mexico City. E.August 1821: SFA meets with Governor Martinez to finalize plans

II.STEPHEN F. AUSTIN (SFA) F. He picks the SITE for the colony, and begins ADVERTISING in Southern newspapers to persuade colonists to settle in Texas

III.SITE FOR SFA’S FIRST COLONY A.Land located between the COLORADO and BRAZOS Rivers

III.SITE FOR SFA’S FIRST COLONY B.Advantages: i.Fertile SOIL (for farming) ii.Mild CLIMATE iii.Abundant WATER iv.Natural RESOURCES v.No other settlements What was his land policies?

IV.SFA’S LAND POLICY A.Could buy: i.Each MAN = 640 acres ii.Plus WIFE = 320 acres iii.Plus each CHILD = 160 acres iv.Plus each SLAVE = 80 acres v.Professionals = additional land

IV.SFA’S LAND POLICY B.Cost = 12.5 cents per acre C.Austin paid for cost of SURVEYING (the measurement of land to determine lot sizes and boundaries) and the TITLE (legal right to ownership of property)

Modern-day Surveying

V.RULES FOR COLONY A.Must take OATH of ALLEGIANCE to Spain (later Mexico); citizenship B.Be of good MORAL CHARACTER C.Become CATHOLIC

Symbols of the Roman Catholic Faith

V.RULES FOR COLONY D.No DRUNKARDS E.No SWEARERS F.No GAMBLERS G.No IDLERS (lazy people)

You can’t be lazy like this dog!

VI.THE OLD 300 A.The name given to the first 300 families to settle in Austin’s colony B.SFA advertised in SOUTHERN newspapers

Which states did early colonists come from?

VI.THE OLD 300 C. SFA charted a ship, the LIVELY, to carry families and supplies along the coast from New Orleans…this ship later shipwrecks in Result? Austin lost his ship and port to transport colonists and supplies from the South.

VI.THE OLD 300 D.Most families who answered his ads were small FARMERS E.The wealthiest man, JARED E. GROCE, was a planter who had 50 wagons and 90+ slaves

VII.SAN FELIPE DE AUSTIN A.CAPITAL of the colony and place of government B.SFA: i.Named EMPRESARIO (Spanish “contractor” or land agent who brought in new settlers) of colony

VII.SAN FELIPE DE AUSTIN B.SFA: ii.Commanded MILITIA (a temporary army unit) to protect colony from Indians iii.Lived in DOG-TROT cabin on 100,000 acres

DOG-TROT CABIN

VII.SAN FELIPE DE AUSTIN C. Gail BORDEN ran a printing press and the first NEWSPAPER; later made condensed MILK

Got Milk?

Reflection Explain why Moses Austin came to Texas. Evaluate reasons why SFA was good for Texas. Speculate reasons why Spain was so strict on their rules for living in a Texas colony. Overall, what do you think was SFA’s biggest challenge establishing his colony in Texas? (answers will vary)

SuccessesProblemsEmpresarioCapitalLocation Major Empresario Grants – NOT SAME AS PACKET! McMullen and McGloin Along the Gulf Coast San Patricio Irish Power and Hewetson South of De Leon along the Gulf Coast Refugio Irish Native American Raids Irish Refugio was built on the site of an old Spanish Mission Martin De Leon South of De Witt along the Guadalupe- Near the coast Victoria Native American Raids Forced to leave TX because of anti- Mexican sentiments Did a lot to promote the cattle industry in Texas Victoria important center for trade between Mexico and Texas Green DeWitt West of Austin’s 1 st Colony Gonzales Native American Raids Settled 166 families 2 nd in number to Austin Stephen F. Austin (Father of Texas) Between the Colorado and Brazos Rivers San Felipe de Austin Drought Tonkawa & Kawakawa Lively shipwrecked Disputes over boundaries Mexican gov’t revoked right to settle Convinced Mexican gov’t to let him settle Father of TX – 1 st colonize Americans Settled nearly 300 families