O CEAN SCIENCES What is blue stay blue?! By: Cristian Manuel Estrella Almonte.

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O CEAN SCIENCES What is blue stay blue?! By: Cristian Manuel Estrella Almonte

Definition Ocean science is the branch of science that studies the ocean, including marine life, and ecosystems dynamics; ocean currents waves, and geophysical fluid dynamics; plate tectonics and the geology of the sea floor; and fluxes. All those topics some how shows characteristics of other sciences, like chemistry, biology, geography and others.

HISTORY Some of the earliest observation recorded on tides were done by Aristotle and Strabo. Early modern exploration of the oceans was primarily for cartography and mainly limited to its surfaces. The gulf Stream was first identified by Juan Ponce De Leon during 1513, after that Benjamin Franklin made the first studies about it and then he gave it it’s name. James Rennell wrote the first scientific textbooks about currents in the Atlantic and Indian oceans during the late 18th and at the beginning of 19th century. Sir James Clark Ross took the first modern sounding in deep sea in 1840, and Charles Darwin published a paper on reefs and the formation of atolls in

Matthew Fontaine Maury devoted his time to the study of marine meteorology, navigation, and charting prevailing winds and currents. His Physical Geography of the Sea, 1855 was the first textbook of oceanography. The steep slope beyond the continental shelves was discovered in The first international organization of oceanography was created in 1902 as the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea. The first acoustic measurement of sea depth was made in 1914.

B RANCHES Marine biology- is the study of marine life and it’s retaliations with the ocean. Marine chemistry-is the study of the chemical composition of the ocean and its chemical interaction with the atmosphere. Marine geology is the study of the ocean floor surface that include the plate tectonics. Marine physics, studies the ocean's physical attributes including temperature-salinity structure, mixing, waves, internal waves, surface tides, internal tides, and currents.

Those branches shows that many oceanographers start first in other areas of sciences such as biology, physics, chemistry and others. They apply their knowledge in those areas to the ocean in order to understand the complex behavior of the ocean; marine life, tides, surfaces and others.