Gravity I’m attracted to you.

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Presentation transcript:

Gravity I’m attracted to you

Mass and Weight Mass is a measure of a body’s INERTIA Units are kg, scalar Weight is the gravitational force acting on an object Units are N, vector Gravitational field strength, g, is the weight per unit mass, Nkg-1

Gravitational field strengths Earth’s moon, 1.6 N kg-1 Earth 9.8 N kg-1 On the surface of the sun 273.7 N kg-1 Black holes , so big that even light can’t escape

Newton The bigger the mass the bigger the force of attraction The further away from the planet / moon / star the smaller the force of attraction F = force of attraction G = Universal Gravitational constant = 6.67x10-11Nm2kg-2 m1 = mass m2 = mass 2 r = distance between two masses ( for planets and so on we assume this is the distance from centre to centre )

Newton’s Law of Gravity Mass of earth = 6.0x1024 kg Radius of earth = 6.4x106 m Calculate the force acting on you ( assume all the mass is concentrated at the centre of earth ) Try using W = mg , can you account for the difference ?

Mass of Earth Equate F = mg with Allows the mass of the earth to estimated Try it

Mass/ distance /radius of other planets Equate the gravitational force with the centripetal force ( AH Physics ) to find mass Use triangulation to find distance

Radius of planets If you know how far away a planet is from you, you can determine its linear diameter, D. D = 2Π × (distance to the planet) × (the planet's angular size in degrees)/360° ) This technique is used to find the actual diameters of other objects as well, like moons, star clusters, and even entire galaxies.

Slingshot Effect Think of the comet gaining some momentum as it approaches the planet which of course loses some momentum( it’s orbit speed will decrease slightly )

Problems What is the problem with Newton’s Theory ? Newton : Static Universe and intervenes from time to time to maintain the equilibrium