Peaches and Nectarines Chapter 18. Tree Growth and limiting factors 15 feet tall. 20 feet wide Can remain productive for 15 to 20 years, but usually die.

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Presentation transcript:

Peaches and Nectarines Chapter 18

Tree Growth and limiting factors 15 feet tall. 20 feet wide Can remain productive for 15 to 20 years, but usually die earlier. Flowers are on hangers that are 1 yr old Yields –Processing = 18 ton/acre –Fresh market = 10 ton/acre

Stone Fruit = have a stony pit Yellow White Freestone Cling Semi-freestone 45% are sold fresh market 55% are sold as processed

75% of processed peaches are canned 15% are frozen 2% are dried 8% are made into baby food, wine, brandy or pickled. Processing peaches have a non-melting flesh. (flesh that remains firm when ripe) Prop sticks for processing peaches

Nectarines No fuzz Make up 17% of total production Peach White = 16 to 17% Yellow = 12 to 14% Yellow peaches = 82% of total production White peaches = 1% of total production 77% of US Production comes from California Originated in China

Site Selection

Selecting Rootstocks Page 347

Choosing Cultivars Page 348

Orchard Layout See page 361 Medium-low density, open centered Medium-high density, quad V system High-density, V-hedgerow system High-density, V-trellis system

Pruning and training

Orchard Floor management, Irrigation & Fertilizers Floor –Winter cover crop –Cultivate 4 to 5 times in summer Irrigation –Flood –Micro sprinklers –Drip Fertilizer

Cultural practices December Peach leaf Curl Kocide Df10 pounds per acre Super 90 Oil2 gals per acre or Nu Film P6 fl oz per acre Weed control Preemergent Program Gramoxone Max2 pt per acre Goal 2XL2 pt per acre Solicam DF2.5 lb per acre Princep 4L3 pts per acre Activator 901 pt per 100

January Dormant Spray Program (Optional) Asana8 fl oz per acre Kocide lb per acre Super 90 Oil5 gal per acre Peach leaf Curl Kocide DF10 pounds per acre Super 90 Oil2 gals per acre or Nu Film P6 fl oz per acre Fertilizer CAN lbs N19 gallons per acre

February Blossom Treatment (mid February) Orbit4 oz per acre Kocide lb per acre RNA SI fl oz per 100

March Full Bloom / Thrips Vangard5 oz per acre Success6 fl oz per acre RNA SI fl oz per 100 Petal fall fungicide/ Insecticide Bravo4 pts per acre Success 1 pt per acre (if dormant Spray is omitted) Fertilizer (Foliar)10 lb per acre

March Cont. Gophers Phostoxin1-2 tblts per hole Phermone dispensers Checkmate SF150 disp per acre

April Powdery Mildew Rally4 oz per acre RNA SI fl oz per 100

June Phermone dispensers Checkmate SF150 disp per acre Notes: 1) Excessive Nitrogen is not good for fresh fruit 2) Spot treatment for some weeds may require additional treatments 3) Gopher Program may require continuous monitoring and treatment

Insects Peachtree borer

Peach twig borer

Oriental Fruit Moth

San Jose ScaleShothole borer

Green stink bugConsperse stink bug

Omnivorous leafroller adultOmnivorous leafroller larva

katydid

Crown Gall

Phytophthora

Peach leaf curl

Bacterial BlastBacterial Canker

Virticillum WiltScab

Weeds