Nanoworld Done by Glenn Chua 3P305

nanotechnology Brief introduction

Nanotechnology Study of controlling of matter or an atomic or molecular scale It is very diverse ranging from extensions of conventional device physics to completely new approaches based upon molecular self-assembly, from developing new materials with dimensions on the nanoscale to investigating whether we can directly control matter on the atomic scale. Has the potential to create many new materials and devices with a vast range of applications, such as in medicine, electronics and energy production

nanoparticles Brief Introduction

Nanoparticle Sized between 1 and 100 nanometers (10−9 m) Nanoparticles may or may not exhibit size- related properties that differ significantly from those observed in fine particles or bulk materials

nanoparticle (properties) Nanoparticles have a very high surface area to volume ratio, which provides a tremendous driving force for diffusion, especially at elevated temperatures. Nanoparticles also often possess unexpected optical properties as they are small enough to confine their electrons and produce quantum effects.

Nanomaterial Brief Introduction

Nanomaterial Materials Science-based approach to nanotechnology Studies materials with morphological features on the nanoscale

Nanomaterial (safety) Nanomaterials behave differently than other similarly-sized particles. It is therefore necessary to develop specialized approaches to testing and monitoring their effects on human health and on the environment. While nanomaterials and nanotechnologies are expected to yield numerous health and health care advances, such as more targeted methods of delivering drugs, new cancer therapies, and methods of early detection of diseases, they also may have unwanted effects.

Nanomaterial Various materials

Nanogold Also known as colloidal gold

Nanogold (properties) Colloidal gold is a suspension of sub micrometre sized particles of gold in a fluid. The liquid is usually red or a dirty yellowish, depending on size of particles, with red being for <100nm and dirty yellowish for larger particles. Properties and applications of colloidal gold nanoparticles depends upon shape. For example, rod like particles have both transverse and longitudinal absorption peak, and anisotropy of the shape affects their self-assembly.

Nanogold(Usage) Due to the unique optical, electronic and molecular-recognition properties of gold nanoparticles, they are the subject of substantial research , with applications in electron microscopy as well as in health and medical applications.

Nanogold (Usage) Electron microscopy Colloidal gold particles can be attached to many traditional biological probes Particles of different size are easily distinguishable in electron micrographs, allowing simultaneous multiple labelling experiments.

Nanogold (Usage) Health and medical applications Therapy for rheumatoid arthritis in rats Relieves pain with implantation near arthritic joints Combination of microwave radiation and colloidal gold can destroy beta-amyloid fibrils and plaque associated with Alzheimer's disease Investigated as carriers for drugs such as Paclitaxel Cancer research, where it can be used to target tumors.

Silver nanoparticles

Silver nanoparticles (properties) 1nm-100nm in size Some silver are composed of a large percentage of silver oxide due to their large ratio of surface to bulk silver atoms. There are many different synthetic routes to silver nanoparticles. They can be divided into three broad categories: physical vapor deposition, ion implantation, or wet chemistry.

Nanogold(Usage) Bone cement Surgical instruments Surgical masks Wound dressings Treatment of HIV-1 Found in products by Samsung, called Silver Nano where silver nanoparticles are used in washing machines, refrigerators, air conditioners, air purifiers and vacuum cleaners, introduced by Samsung in April 2003. Used as the cathode in silver oxide battery

Iron Nanoparticles Nanoscale Iron particles

Iron nanoparticles (properties) Highly reactive because of large surface area Rapidly oxidizes in presence of oxygen and water to form free ions 2 Fe0(s) + 4 H+(aq) + O2(aq) → 2 Fe2+(aq) + 2 H2O(l) Fe0(s) + 2 H2O (aq) → Fe2+(aq) + H2(g) + 2 OH-(aq)

Iron nanoparticles (Usage) Remediation of industrial sites contaminated with chlorinated organic compounds Widely used in m Can be effectively used to treat several forms of ground contamination, including grounds contaminated by polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), chlorinated organic solvents, and organochlorine pesticides. edictal and laboratory applications Nanoscale iron particle are easily transportable through ground water, allowing for in situ treatment Although metallic iron nanoparticles remediate contaminants well, they tend to agglomerate on the soil surface

Platinum Nanoparticles

Platinum Nanoparticles (properties) Usually in the form of a suspension or colloid Size ranges between 2-3 nm Trillions of platinum nanoparticles are suspended in brownish red or black coloured colloidal solution.

Platinum Nanoparticles (Usage) Has antioxidant properties, are the subject of substantial research with applications in a wide variety of areas Medicine Synthesis of novel materials with unique properties Nanotechnology

References http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanotechnology http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanomaterials http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanogold http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silver_nanoparticles http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platinum_nanopartic les http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanoscale_iron_parti cles http://biotech.about.com/od/nanotechnology/a/typ esnanopart.htm

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